Transport of Anti-Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa-Antibodies into the Alpha-Granules of Unstimulated Human Blood Platelets

Morgenstern, Eberhard; Ruf, Andreas; Patscheke, Heinrich

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1648392

Cited by 43 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The OCS was also termed "two-waystreet" (White and Escolar 1991) to describe its participation in both endo-and exocytosis of particulate material and peptides. Bacteria and other pathogens were shown to be taken up by this system (Clawson and White 1971;Lewis et al 1976) as well as adhesive proteins from the blood plasma that are to be stored within the α-granules (Behnke 1989(Behnke , 1992Morgenstern et al 1992;Klinger and Klüter 1995). On the other hand, the α-granular content is secreted through the OCS channels during the release reaction to reach the extracellular space quickly.…”

Section: Platelet Organellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelets and inflammation

Klinger

1997

Anatomy and Embryology

183

118

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Besides their functions in the haemostatic process and in thrombus formation after an endothelial injury, blood platelets also take part in the processes of inflammation and tissue repair that follows. For this purpose, they closely collaborate with all types of leukocytes. Activated platelets secret chemotactic substances, they facilitate the binding of leukocytes to the endothelium and their subsequent extravasation, and they may influence the inflammatory responses of leukocytes in both stimulating and inhibiting ways. However, platelets themselves also contain an array of potent proinflammatory substances, and therefore they are regarded as mediator and effector cells in inflammation. Their capability to interact with bacteria, parasites, and other foreign materials is possibly a phylogenetic vestige and may explain the existence of IgE-dependent killing mechanisms of platelets. On the other hand, the connection between IgE and platelets, besides the platelet-induced eosinophil infiltration, offers a functional basis for the involvement of platelets in allergic processes, particular in the skin and the airways.

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Section: Platelet Organellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelets and inflammation

Klinger

1997

Anatomy and Embryology

183

118

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“…The narrow openings of the OCS on the external plasma membrane function as a molecular sieve which limits the size of molecules that can enter the central parts of the OCS [100]. The uptake from the OCS by endocytosis was shown for artificial markers or labeled substances [5,6,30,56,92] and was also found for the plasma proteins VWF, FG, and FN [43].…”

Section: Open Canalicular Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The storage lesion of platelets: ultrastructural and functional aspects

Klinger

1996

Annals of Hematology

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When prepared and stored as concentrates, platelets undergo a lot of structural, biochemical and functional alterations that lead to an impaired function after transfusion. Besides signs of activation like disc-to-sphere transformation, extension of pseudopodes and loss of storage granules, platelets may display a swollen open canalicular system and changes in the structure of their alpha-granules. These partly reversible morphological alterations correspond to a deterioration of basic metabolic parameters and a decrease in the reactivity of stored platelets to weak agonists. All these changes occur to a very different degree depending on the methods of preparation and storage. With the introduction of acetate-containing additive solutions, the storage conditions could be greatly improved, and platelets from pooled buffy coats and stored in an acetate-containing medium with at least 20% autologous plasma show the best structural integrity over 8 days of storage.

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“…After secretion is completed, the OCS membranes evaginate and become inserted into the external plasma membrane, thus serving as a membrane reservoir for the extension of pseudopodes and for spreading on surfaces [20]. The internalization by platelets has been demonstrated for artificial compounds such as thorium particles [21] and horseradish peroxidase [22] but also for albumin-gold conjugates Klinger/Klüter [23], fibrinogen-gold conjugates (FG-Au) [23][24][25], and goldconjugated antiglycoprotein IIb/IIIa antibodies [26,27]. Furthermore, the uptake and incorporation into storage granules of circulating platelets was concluded from the absence of mRNA for fibrinogen (FG), IgG, and albumin within megakaryocytes [28][29][30] and from experiments based on intravenous injections of FG, albumin and IgG [31,32].…”

Section: Exocytosis and Endocytosis In Plateletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Platelets Are Circulating Stores for Adhesive Proteins, Inflammatory Mediators, and Immunoglobulins – Role in Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reactions

Klinger¹,

Klüter²

1999

Transfus Med Hemother

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Objective: Blood platelets store within their α-granules a variety of substances that are involved in blood clotting, inflammation, and repair processes after a lesion of the vessel wall. Not all of these substances are synthesized within the megakaryocytes or platelets themselves, but some of them are taken up from the blood plasma by the circulating platelet. This article summarizes recent investigations on the internalization capabilities of platelets and the mechanism of endocytosis. Results: By means of immunoelectron microscopy and by incubations with gold-labeled peptides the uptake of fibrinogen, IgG, IgE, and the chemokine RANTES by the platelet can be demonstrated. Two different mechanisms of internalization are discerned: In resting platelets, the gold-labeled peptides are endocytosed and transferred to α-granules, whereas in platelets stimulated by ADP or thrombin the gold particles appear within the open canalicular system and not within granules. Conclusion: Platelets store and release not only proinflammatory mediators that are typical for the megakaryocyte-platelet lineage, but also blood-borne substances from other cellular sources. Due to activation and disintegration of platelets that are stored as concentrates for usage in transfusion medicine, these substances can accumulate in the platelet concentrate and might be responsible for transfusion-associated reactions. Further investigation in this field of platelet immunobiology is warranted.

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Transport of Anti-Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa-Antibodies into the Alpha-Granules of Unstimulated Human Blood Platelets

Cited by 43 publications

References 14 publications

Platelets and inflammation

Platelets and inflammation

The storage lesion of platelets: ultrastructural and functional aspects

Blood Platelets Are Circulating Stores for Adhesive Proteins, Inflammatory Mediators, and Immunoglobulins – Role in Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reactions

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