Transport mechanics in systems of orientable particles. IV. convective transport

Brenner, Howard; Condiff, Duane W.

doi:10.1016/0021-9797(74)90093-9

Cited by 143 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Following Brenner and Condiff, 26 one can show that this leads to the same expression as that of the torque-free swimmers. This implies that the detailed reorientation mechanism is unimportant, and both types of swimmers can be modeled with the same expression for the rotary velocity.…”

Section: Non-equilibrium Orientation and Fluctuation Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Swim stress, motion, and deformation of active matter: effect of an external field

Takatori

Brady

2014

Soft Matter

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We analyze the stress, dispersion, and average swimming speed of self-propelled particles subjected to an external field that affects their orientation and speed. The swimming trajectory is governed by a competition between the orienting influence (i.e., taxis) associated with the external (e.g., magnetic, gravitational, thermal, nutrient concentration) field versus the effects that randomize the particle orientations (e.g., rotary Brownian motion and/or an intrinsic tumbling mechanism like the flagella of bacteria). The swimmers' motion is characterized by a mean drift velocity and an effective translational diffusivity that becomes anisotropic in the presence of the orienting field. Since the diffusivity yields information about the micromechanical stress, the anisotropy generated by the external field creates a normal stress difference in the recently developed "swim stress" tensor [Takatori, Yan, and Brady, Phys. Rev. Lett., 2014]. This property can be exploited in the design of soft, compressible materials in which their size, shape, and motion can be manipulated and tuned by loading the material with active swimmers. Since the swimmers exert different normal stresses in different directions, the material can compress/expand, elongate, and translate depending on the external field strength. Such an active system can be used as nano/micromechanical devices and motors. Analytical solutions are corroborated by Brownian dynamics simulations.

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Section: Non-equilibrium Orientation and Fluctuation Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Swim stress, motion, and deformation of active matter: effect of an external field

Takatori

Brady

2014

Soft Matter

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“…The Einstein equation, as cited in Phuoc and Massoudi (2009), relates the relative viscosity (μ r ) with particle concentration (φ) via: r 1 2.5 μ = + φ (3) Ghadimi et al (2011) observed that the Einstein equation was applicable to particle volume fractions less than 0.02. Several other equations, like those of Mooney (1951), Brinkman (1952, Krieger and Dougherty (1959), Frankel and Acrivos (1967), Nielson (1970), Lundgren (1972), Brenner &Condiff (1974), andBatchelor (1977) have been proposed for the prediction of relative viscosities of dispersions of nanoparticles in a liquid. All the above equations, except that of Einstein, predict a nonlinear variation of the relative viscosity with particle concentration.…”

Section: Influence Of Particle Concentration On Viscosity and Relativmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of sub-micron dispersions of sand in ethylene glycol-water mixture

Journal

Manikandan

Karthikeyan

et al. 2012

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-Experiments were carried out on the preparation and characterization of dispersions of sand in ethylene glycol-water (50-50%) mixture. The dispersions were prepared by stirred bead milling of 20-30 μm sand (in water) followed by dilution with water and ethylene glycol. The influence of temperature (31-45 °C), particle concentration (< 2 vol %) and ultrasonication on the viscosity of sand-ethylene glycol-water dispersions was studied. The thermal conductivity of dispersions as a function of particle concentration and ultrasonication has also been investigated. Correlations were developed for the prediction of relative viscosity and thermal conductivity ratio of the dispersions. Our results indicate that the sand-ethylene glycol-water dispersions, prepared by stirred bead milling and ultrasonication, have potential as coolants.

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“…Moreover, Eq. (5) describes the canonical equilibrium distribution in the presence of an applied field (when die particles have no permanent dipole moment) or a mean-field-type interaction, as well as the stationary distribution in uniaxial elongational flow for a suitable choice of the tensor A proportional to the elongation rate [27].…”

Section: Canonical Distribution Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ideal contribution to the macroscopic quasiequilibrium entropy of anisotropic fluids

2011

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Transport mechanics in systems of orientable particles. IV. convective transport

Cited by 143 publications

References 65 publications

Swim stress, motion, and deformation of active matter: effect of an external field

Swim stress, motion, and deformation of active matter: effect of an external field

Preparation and characterization of sub-micron dispersions of sand in ethylene glycol-water mixture

Ideal contribution to the macroscopic quasiequilibrium entropy of anisotropic fluids

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