Transport and reaction in catalytic wall-flow filters

Experimental and numerical investigations on structured catalysts for methane steam reforming intensification

“…The lateral boundaries of the 3D model respect symmetric condition while the walls to the mat and plugs have no slip condition (Knoth et al, 2005).…”

“…Several studies have demonstrated that nickel (Ayabe et al, 2003) as well as noble metals (Pt, Rh, Ru) (Li et al, 2011) supported on Al 2 O 3 or rare earth oxides show good activity toward reforming reactions (Lisboa et al, 2011); improvements in stability and selectivity are achieved from bimetallic catalytic systems (Cimino et al, 2010). However, the wide diffusion of nickel in industrial steam reforming catalysts (Yuan et al, 2009) as well as its lower price compared to noble metals (Wang et al, 2013), make Ni the preferred active metal for several aspects of the research field (Kolbitsch et al, 2008). Nickel catalysts deposed on alumina-based supports were found to be prone to the coke formation during reforming processes; anyway, carbon deposition obtained in methane steam reforming resulted in a filamentous coke formation that seems to not deactivate catalysts, differently to the encapsulated coke formed in presence of ethanol or aldehydes, that lead to a noticeable deactivation (Montero et al, 2014).…”

“…Recent studies (Knoth et al, 2005) have showed that under steady state conditions the wall-flow configuration may allow for a higher conversion when compared to a flow-through monolith with the same characteristics.…”

2D simulation of the regeneration performance of a catalysed DPF for heavy-duty applications

“…Compared to 1-D modelling [1,2], this 2-D model allows for the consideration of the effect of heat losses, thermal boundary layer at filter inlet and flow maldistribution as a result of non-uniform regeneration [3][4][5]. The model is equipped with intra-layer discretization to account for the coupling between reaction and diffusion phenomena in catalyzed filters [6][7][8][9].…”

Nanoparticle motion trajectories and deposition in an inlet channel of wall-flow diesel particulate filter

“…Nevertheless, as the emission standards become more and more stringent, the after-treatment devices become the indispensable tools. Among the after-treatment devices, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) placed in the exhaust line of vehicle is a well-established tool for PM emissions reduction (Bissett, 1984;Knoth, Drochner, & Vogel, 2005;Konstandopoulos & John, 1989;Saracco, Badini, & Specchia, 1999;Zhang & Yang, 2002).…”