Transplantation of primed or unprimed mouse embryonic stem cell-derived neural precursor cells improves cognitive function in Alzheimerian rats

Conditioned medium from the stem cells of human dental pulp improves cognitive function in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

“…AD mice have been treated by transplanting various types of stem cells and their derivatives, including human neural stem cells [16], embryonic stem-cell derivatives [17], adult bone-marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) [18], adipogenic stem cells [19] and umbilical cord bloodderived stem cells [20], which have elicited substantial functional recovery through cellreplacement and/or paracrine mechanisms. However, most studies indicate that the cell grafts exhibit poor differentiation and survival in mouse models of AD, suggesting that the functional recovery from AD may be mediated by paracrine mechanisms [16,21,22].…”

Embryonic Stem Cell in the Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases

“…We argue that long-term survival of new, functionally integrated neurons is the main goal to achieve maximum symptomatic relief through stem cell therapy. More evidence has confirmed that the observed functional recovery after ESCsderived NPCs and neurons were transplanted into animal models of neurodegeneration and injury appeared to be related to structural reorganization including synapse formation and functional integration (Moghadam et al, 2009;Tang et al, 2008). In the developing brain, grafted ESCs-derived neurons developed functional properties of postmitotic neurons adopted excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter phenotypes and formed synapse with host cells (Wernig et al, 2004).…”

“…Moghadam and colleagues further implanted primed and unprimed mouse ESCs-derived NPCs into the unilateral nbM of rat model of AD, Morris water maze and spatial probe test revealed a significant behavioral improvement in memory deficits following cells transplantation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the majority (approximately 70%) of the NPCs retained neuronal phenotype and approximately 40% of them had a cholinergic cell phenotype following transplantation (Moghadam et al, 2009). These studies suggest transplantation of mouse ESCs-derived NPCs and/or following commitment to a cholinergic cell phenotype can promote behavioral recovery in a rodent model of AD.…”

Cell-based therapy in Alzheimer's disease: Current knowledge and perspective

“…Transplanted NSCs were shown to differentiate into cholinergic neurons in a rat AD model [49] . Transplantation of mouse ESC-derived neuronal precursor cells, following commitment to a cholinergic cell phenotype, was able to promote behavioral recovery in a rodent model of AD [31] .…”