Transplantation of nasal olfactory tissue promotes partial recovery in paraplegic adult rats

Lu, Jian; Féron, François; Ho, Stephen; Mackay‐Sim, Alan; Waite, Phil M.E.

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03235-2

Cited by 220 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Investigators have examined previously the ability of ECs to promote axonal regeneration after SCI (Li et al, 1997(Li et al, , 1998Imaizumi et al, 2000;Ramon-Cueto et al, 2000;Lu et al, 2001). Our results support data that has been reported previously regarding the ability of ECs to promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Ensheathing Cells and Methylprednisolone Promote Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery in the Lesioned Adult Rat Spinal Cord

2002

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Axons fail to regenerate after spinal cord injury (SCI) in adult mammals, leading to permanent loss of function. After SCI, ensheathing cells (ECs) promote recovery in animal models, whereas methylprednisolone (MP) promotes neurological recovery in humans. In this study, the effectiveness of combining ECs and MP after SCI was investigated for the first time. After lesioning the corticospinal tract in adult rats, ECs were transplanted into the lesion, and MP was administered for 24 hr. At 6 weeks after injury, functional recovery was assessed by measuring successful performance of directed forepaw reaching (DFR), expressed as percentages. Axonal regeneration was analyzed by counting the number of corticospinal axons, anterogradely labeled with biotin dextran tetramethylrhodamine, caudal to the lesion. Lesioned control rats, receiving either no treatment or vehicle, had abortive axonal regrowth (1 mm) and poor DFR success (38 and 42%, respectively). Compared with controls, MP-treated rats had significantly more axons 7 mm caudal to the lesion, and DFR performance was significantly improved (57%). Rats that received ECs in combination with MP had significantly more axons than all other lesioned rats up to 13 mm. Successful DFR performance was significantly higher in rats with EC transplants, both without (72%) and with (78%) MP, compared with other lesioned rats. These data confirm previous reports that ECs promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord lesions. In addition, this research provides evidence that, when used in combination, MP and ECs improve axonal regrowth up to 13 mm caudal to the lesion at 6 weeks after injury.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Ensheathing Cells and Methylprednisolone Promote Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery in the Lesioned Adult Rat Spinal Cord

2002

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“…OECs promote long-distance regeneration of axons in the adult mammalian spinal cord and remyelinate CNS axons such that the conduction velocities of previously demyelinated axons are restored to normal levels. OECs are also becoming increasingly easier to obtain from extracranial sources, such as from human peripheral olfactory tissue or from similar tissue in the nasal cavity of rodents (Lu et al, 2001(Lu et al, , 2002Franklin, 2002b), thus providing the attractive proposition of a patient having the opportunity to provide their own olfactory tissue for autologous transplantation. Furthermore, the available evidence supports the view that OECs are more likely to integrate into the CNS parenchyma after grafting to repair the injured or demyelinated spinal cord (Li et al, 1998;Lakatos et al, 2000) than are Schwann cells (Baron-Van Evercooren et al, 1992;Blakemore, 1992;Duncan and Milward, 1995), as suggested by Doucette (1990Doucette ( , 1995 several years ago.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory ensheathing cells: Historical perspective and therapeutic potential

Boyd

Skihar²,

Kawaja³

et al. 2003

The Anatomical Record Part B

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“…Cultures of OECs from the OB [25][26] and the OM have been described in a number of studies [27]. Lu and colleagues have demonstrated the reparative effects of mucosal-derived cells after intraspinal transplantation [28]. The majority of OECs used in studies on SCI regeneration have been from primary cultures obtained from the rat OB or OM [28][29].…”

Section: Isolation Of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells From Olfactory Bulbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of olfactory ensheathing cells for cell-based therapy in spinal cord injury

Radtke¹

2008

JRRD

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Abstract-Contusive spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a complex lesion that includes cellular and axonal loss, microglia and macrophage activation, and demyelination. These changes result in permanent neurological deficits in people with SCI and in high financial costs to society. Unlike the peripheral nervous system (PNS), in which axonal regeneration can occur, axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely limited. This limited regeneration is thought to result from a lack of a permissive environment and from active inhibitory molecules that are present in the CNS but minimal in the PNS. Currently, cell transplantation approaches are among several experimental strategies being investigated for the treatment of SCI. In the olfactory system, a specialized glial cell called the olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) has been shown to improve functional outcome when transplanted into rodents with SCI, and clinical studies transplanting OECs into patients with SCI are ongoing in China, Portugal, and other sites. Yet, a number of controversial issues related to OEC biology and transplantation must be addressed to understand the rationale and expectations for OEC cell therapy approaches in SCI. This review provides information on these issues for spinal cord medicine clinicians.

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Transplantation of nasal olfactory tissue promotes partial recovery in paraplegic adult rats

Cited by 220 publications

References 57 publications

Ensheathing Cells and Methylprednisolone Promote Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery in the Lesioned Adult Rat Spinal Cord

Ensheathing Cells and Methylprednisolone Promote Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery in the Lesioned Adult Rat Spinal Cord

Olfactory ensheathing cells: Historical perspective and therapeutic potential

Potential of olfactory ensheathing cells for cell-based therapy in spinal cord injury

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