Transplantation of human villous trophoblasts preserves cardiac function in mice with acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Over the past decade, cell therapies have provided promising strategies for the treatment of ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Particularly, the beneficial effects of stem cells, including bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been demonstrated by substantial preclinical and clinical studies. Nevertheless stem cell therapy is not always safe and effective. Hence, there is an urgent need for alternative sources of cells to promote cardiac regeneration. Human villous trophoblasts (HVTs) play key roles in embryonic implantation and placentation. In this study, we show that HVTs can promote tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) on Matrigel and enhance the resistance of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) to oxidative stress in vitro. Delivery of HVTs to ischaemic area of heart preserved cardiac function and reduced fibrosis in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Histological analysis revealed that transplantation of HVTs promoted angiogenesis in AMI mouse hearts. In addition, our data indicate that HVTs exert their therapeutic benefit through paracrine mechanisms. Meanwhile, injection of HVTs to mouse hearts did not elicit severe immune response. Taken together, our study demonstrates HVT may be used as a source for cell therapy or a tool to study cell‐derived soluble factors for AMI treatment.

Functional antagonism between ΔNp63α and GCM1 regulates human trophoblast stemness and differentiation

“…Myoblast fusion in myogenesis is energy-dependent and enhanced by creatine treatment in a creatine kinase-dependent manner 47 , lending support to the idea that STB differentiation is also an energy-demanding process modulated by the GCM1-CKMT1 axis. Human and mouse trophoblasts with cardiac repair capacity have recently been demonstrated in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) 48 , 49 . It is intriguing to test the capacity of TS Term cells in repair of damaged cardiomyocytes in MI mice.…”

Biological characteristics of human menstrual blood‐derived endometrial stem cells

“…ASCs‐based therapy is a rapidly evolving field for diseases without effective treatments, and during the past decade, strong evidence has been accumulated including pre‐clinical and clinical trials ranging from proof‐of‐concept to phase II trials . As an alternative source of human stem cells, the newly identified MenSCs exhibit their potential for ASC‐based therapy.…”

Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells (BMMC)-Associated Anti-Inflammatory Nanoparticles for Cardiac Repair after Myocardial Infarction

“…Our findings demonstrated that BMMC combined with anti-inflammatory nanoparticles result in great potential for regenerative medicine. Many results have indicated that cell injection into a myocardial infarction model has resulted in some improvement in cardiac function [ 16 , 17 ]. We examined via an echocardiography study the effects of treatment four weeks post-implantation; some data have shown that BMMC combined with anti-inflammatory nanoparticles recover diastolic and systolic function, and improve the function ejection fraction in the BMMC+15d-PGJ2 group in the infarcted region.…”