Transplantation of Human Embryonic Oligodendrocytes into Shiverer Brain<sup>a</sup>

Gumpel, M.; Lachapelle, F.; Gansmüller, Anne; Baulac, Michel; Evercooren, Anne Baron-Van; Baumann, Nicole

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb23666.x

Cited by 80 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This finding suggested that sensitive period to environmental effects exists during the embryonic life of ODCs (Gumpel et al, 1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…It should be recalled that transplantation of human embryonic tissue into the newborn mouse brain had previously demonstrated the large mitotic potential of embryonic tissue as compared with newborn tissue (Gumpel et al, 1987). In these experiments, the average amount of myelin synthesized by transplanted cells was also significantly increased when compared with the amount synthesized by ODCs derived from newborn tissue.…”

Section: Embryonic Shi or Normal Into Newborn Jp: Effect Of Jp Enviromentioning

confidence: 94%

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Oligodendrocytes of the jimpy phenotype can be partially restored by environmental factors in vivo

Lachapelle

Lapie

Campagnoni

et al. 1991

J of Neuroscience Research

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Cross-transplantations of neural tissue between jimpy (jp) shiverer (shi) and normal mice have been performed under heterochronic conditions. In all series, fragments of E14-E15 embryonic neural tissue from the different donors have been transplanted into newborn host brain in order to study environmental influences by differentiated tissue on transplanted embryonic cell lines. Large patches of proteolipid protein (PLP)-positive myelin have been observed in the jp brain after transplantation of shi or normal embryonic tissue into the newborn jp brain, suggesting that the jp parenchyma did not inhibit the differentiation of other oligodendrocytes (ODCs). Jp embryonic tissue had the same mitotic potential as normal tissue, as demonstrated by the larger size of myelin patches observed when jp embryonic tissue was used instead of newborn jp tissue. By contrast, whatever the conditions, jp myelin patches were always obviously smaller than normal or shi myelin patches, suggesting that the myelinating capacity of jp ODCs was not enhanced by environmental factors. Finally, comparison of the ratio of successful outcomes observed following embryonic vs. newborn jp donor tissue, strongly suggests a partial or total normalization of jp embryonic ODCs survival by a more mature shi environment.

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“…This finding suggested that sensitive period to environmental effects exists during the embryonic life of ODCs (Gumpel et al, 1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Embryonic Shi or Normal Into Newborn Jp: Effect Of Jp Enviromentioning

confidence: 94%

Oligodendrocytes of the jimpy phenotype can be partially restored by environmental factors in vivo

Lachapelle

Lapie

Campagnoni

et al. 1991

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…Culture experiments indicate that human oligodendrocytes make contact with axons, but no myelin is formed when human white matter glia are cocultured with rodent dorsal root ganglion cells (Whittemore et al, 1993). In contrast to human oligodendrocytes derived from the adult, human embryonic oligodendrocyte precursors can myelinate rat axons in the immature CNS in vivo (Gumpel et al, 1987), as can human Schwann cells in the PNS (Levi and Bunge, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplantation of Cryopreserved Adult Human Schwann Cells Enhances Axonal Conduction in Demyelinated Spinal Cord

et al. 2001

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Schwann cells derived from human sural nerve may provide a valuable source of tissue for a cell-based therapy in multiple sclerosis. However, it is essential to show that transplanted human Schwann cells can remyelinate axons in adult CNS and improve axonal conduction. Sections of sural nerve were removed from amputated legs of patients with vascular disease or diabetes, and Schwann cells were isolated and cryopreserved. Suspensions of reconstituted cells were transplanted into the X-irradiation/ethidium bromide lesioned dorsal columns of immunosuppressed Wistar rat. After 3-5 weeks of extensive remyelination, a typical Schwann cell pattern was observed in the lesion zone. Many cells in the lesion were immunopositive for an anti-human nuclei monoclonal antibody. The dorsal columns were removed and maintained in an in vitro recording chamber; the conduction properties were studied using field potential and intra-axonal recording techniques. The transplanted dorsal columns displayed improved conduction velocity and frequency-response properties, and action potentials conducted over a greater distance into the lesion, suggesting that conduction block was overcome. These data support the conclusion that transplantation of human Schwann cells results in functional remyelination of a dorsal column lesion.

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“…Xenogenicity is unlikely to be responsible for the fail ure of myelination by transplanted SC since human and rat oligodendrocytes [17,18] do form myelin in the new born shiverer brain. In addition, the same rat SC sus pensions arc efficient in CNS myelination, since they do remyelinate demyelinated mouse spinal cords [14], Moreover, immortalized mouse SC (MSC80 cell line) in Development allografts remyelinate myelin lesions in the adult shiverer mouse CNS [15], but remain unable to form myelin in the developing brain of the same host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fate of Schwann Cells Transplanted in the Brain during Development

et al. 1992

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Purified rat Schwann cells labeled with Hoechst 33342 fluorescent fluorochrome were transplanted into the brain of the newborn shiverer mouse. The grafted cells survived and were able to migrate through the host parenchyme. However, Schwann cell migration was restricted to the grafted hemisphere and to structures adjacent to the graft. With time, Hoechst labeled cells, present at the site of implantation or dispersed in the host parenchyme, decreased progressively in number. Instead, they concentrated along the blood vessels, meninges and ventricles. Despite the presence of Hoechst labeled Schwann cells in white matter tracks during the process of central myelination, Schwann cell myelination could not be evidenced by immunodetection of the peripheral myelin protein or by ultrastructural observation of the typical Schwann cell basement membrane surrounding peripheral myelin. A series of additional transplantations involving Schwann cells of mouse or rat origin, grafted either as cell suspensions or as nerve fragments, demonstrated that transplanted Schwann cells formed myelin around developing host axons only when included in a nerve fragment. Immunodetection of GFAP in astrocytes and type IV collagen in basement membranes as well as electron microscopy showed that reactive astrocytes invaded the grafted area after the first week of transplantation and sometimes formed basement membranes isolating partially the graft from the host parenchyme. During host myelination, astrocytes, which were present in most white matter structures, surrounded grafted cells. Occasionally, they enclosed Schwann cells in basement membranes or encircled host axons. Later, reactive astrocytes were associated with Schwann cells restricted to blood vessel and ventricular walls, and meninges. Our results suggest that in the presence of competitive developing Oligodendrocytes, astrocytes are able to limit migration and prevent myelination of Schwann cells transplanted in the newborn shiverer brain. In addition, astrocytes seem to be able to expell the grafted cells and finally exclude them from the host parenchyme.

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Transplantation of Human Embryonic Oligodendrocytes into Shiverer Brain^a

Cited by 80 publications

References 14 publications

Oligodendrocytes of the jimpy phenotype can be partially restored by environmental factors in vivo

Oligodendrocytes of the jimpy phenotype can be partially restored by environmental factors in vivo

Transplantation of Cryopreserved Adult Human Schwann Cells Enhances Axonal Conduction in Demyelinated Spinal Cord

The Fate of Schwann Cells Transplanted in the Brain during Development

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Transplantation of Human Embryonic Oligodendrocytes into Shiverer Braina

Cited by 80 publications

References 14 publications

Oligodendrocytes of the jimpy phenotype can be partially restored by environmental factors in vivo

Oligodendrocytes of the jimpy phenotype can be partially restored by environmental factors in vivo

Transplantation of Cryopreserved Adult Human Schwann Cells Enhances Axonal Conduction in Demyelinated Spinal Cord

The Fate of Schwann Cells Transplanted in the Brain during Development

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Product

Resources

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Transplantation of Human Embryonic Oligodendrocytes into Shiverer Brain^a