Transplantation of discordant xenografts: a review of progress

Platt, Jeffrey L.; Vercellotti, Gregory M.; Dalmasso, Agustin P.; Matas, Arthur J.; Bolman, R. Morton; Najarían, John S.; Bach, Fritz H.

doi:10.1016/0167-5699(90)90174-8

Cited by 517 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Generally, the model systems used involve the transplantation of organs between disparate species, and the recipients of these transplants had natural and acquired antibodies specific for the grafts [11,21,22]. In these model systems we found that depletion of all immunoglobulin or species-specific immunoglobulin could allow survival of the organ graft and accommodation to ensue (Figure 1) [23,24].…”

Section: Accommodation In Experimental Modelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…We originally conceived that accommodation might reflect a change in antibodies, a change in the antigen or an acquired resistance of the graft to injury by antibodies and complement [11]. All three changes have been observed.…”

Section: The Fate Of Bound Antibody and Mechanisms Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cultured endothelial cells are recognized by antibodies specific for the source of a graft [11,31]. Antibodies bound to metabolically active cultured endothelial cells are rapidly removed from the cell surface and may be metabolized [32].…”

Section: The Fate Of Bound Antibody and Mechanisms Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the absence of injury could not be ascribed to lack of anti-blood group antibody or the antigen it recognizes and must reflect something else that mitigates the process of rejection [5]. After preliminary studies of pig-to-primate xenografts revealed a few instances in which heterotopic cardiac grafts in recipients depleted of xenoreactive antibodies survived without substantial injury for days after xenoreactive antibody returned to the circulation, we speculated that these xenografts, like ABO-incompatible allografts, might be protected from injury, and we named this condition accommodation [11,12]. Here we consider how accommodation might apply more broadly in transplantation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Accommodation of grafts: Implications for health and disease

Tang

Platt

2007

Human Immunology

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Accommodation refers to the acquired resistance of a graft to immune-mediated injury. It is typically observed after antibodies that would cause rejection of a graft are removed from a recipient and then return. Besides being a condition so induced, accommodation can occur spontaneously, without the depleting of antibodies. Indeed, we postulate that spontaneous accommodation may be the most common outcome of clinical organ transplantation. This communication will review the current understanding of accommodation, emphasizing recent advances and important questions. Among the recent advances are the discoveries of potentially broader relevance of accommodation for biology and immunology and pathways by which accommodation may be achieved. To investigate these pathways and to understand how accommodation begins and how it evolves, clinical organ transplants might offer a useful and incisive model.

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Section: Accommodation In Experimental Modelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Fate Of Bound Antibody and Mechanisms Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Fate Of Bound Antibody and Mechanisms Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accommodation of grafts: Implications for health and disease

Tang

Platt

2007

Human Immunology

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“…This phenomenon has been termed accommodation and regarded as an acquired resistance of an organ to immune-mediated damage (Bach et al, 1997;Lynch & Platt, 2008Platt et al, 1990). In accommodation state, the graft is not pathologically injured despite the presence of circulating anti-donor antibodies.…”

Section: Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ABO-Incompatible Kidney Transplantation

Nakagawa

Saito²,

Takahashi³

2016

Frontiers in Transplantology

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Shedding of heparan sulfate proteoglycan by stimulated endothelial cells: Evidence for proteolysis of cell-surface molecules

1996

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Activation of endothelial cells by cytokines and endotoxin causes procoagulant and pro-inflammatory changes over a period of hours. We postulated that the same functional state might be achieved more rapidly by changes in the metabolism of heparan sulfate, which supports many of the normal functions of endothelial cells. We previously found that binding of anti-endothelial cell antibodies and activation of complement on endothelial cells causes the rapid shedding of endothelial cell heparan sulfate. Here we report the biochemical mechanism responsible for the release of the heparan sulfate. Stimulation of endothelial cells by anti-endothelial cell antibodies and complement resulted in the release of 35S-heparan sulfate proteoglycan and partially degraded 35S-heparan sulfate chains. Degradation of the 35S-heparan sulfate chains was not necessary for release since heparin and suramin prevented cleavage of the heparan sulfate but did not inhibit release from stimulated endothelial cells. The 35S-heparan sulfate proteoglycan released from endothelial cells originated from the cell surface and had a core protein similar in size (70.5 kD) to syndecan-1. Release was due to proteolytic cleavage of the protein core by serine and/or cysteine proteinases since the release of heparan sulfate was inhibited 87% by antipain and 53% by leupeptin. Release of heparan sulfate coincided with a decrease of approximately 7 kD in the mass of the protein core and with a loss of hydrophobicity of the proteoglycan, consistent with the loss of the hydrophobic transmembrane domain. The cleavage and release of cell-surface 35S-heparan sulfate proteoglycan might be a novel mechanism by which endothelial cells may rapidly acquire the functional properties of activated endothelial cells.

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Transplantation of discordant xenografts: a review of progress

Cited by 517 publications

References 35 publications

Accommodation of grafts: Implications for health and disease

Accommodation of grafts: Implications for health and disease

ABO-Incompatible Kidney Transplantation

Shedding of heparan sulfate proteoglycan by stimulated endothelial cells: Evidence for proteolysis of cell-surface molecules

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