Transplantability of Tissues to the Embryo of Foreign Species

Abstract

Inoculation of the Jensen rat sarcoma into the developing chick embryo gives a rapidly growing tumor at the site of inoculation, whether in the membranes or in the body of the chick itself. These tumors by transfer from embryo to embryo can be kept going for as long as forty-six days, and perhaps indefinitely in the foreign species. The rat cells show no morphological change even after a very long dependence. Their biological characters are also retained, as is shown by the fact that the cells when replanted in the rat, after a prolonged sojourn in the chick, will produce a rapidly growing sarcoma of the Jensen type. These rat tissues grown for long periods in the chick show no adaptation to the new species, being destroyed even more rapidly when placed in the adult chicken than cells taken directly from the rat. Morphologically the cells retain a close resemblance to those in the original tumor. Other tissues grown in chick embryo are various embryonic cells from the chicken, mouse, and rat, the Ehrlich sarcoma and chondroma of the mouse, a mammary carcinoma of the mouse, the Flexner-Jobling adenocarcinoma of the rat, and a human sarcoma.

Human T Cells Engineered To Express a Programmed Death 1/28 Costimulatory Retargeting Molecule Display Enhanced Antitumor Activity

“…The CAM model has been widely used for grafting xenogenic tumors, facilitating studies of tumor development and angiogenesis in the past century (39). Nevertheless, to our knowledge, this study represents its first evaluation relative to a tumor xenograft mouse model in the context of adoptive T cell transfer treatment.…”

“…We assumed that a classical 4-h cytotoxicity assay may not necessarily fully demonstrate the antitumor activity of PD1/ 28-transduced cells. Thus, we decided to assess the antitumor function of PD1/28-transduced T cells in an ovo cytotoxicity assay we developed (38) based on a xenograft system using the chick embryo CAM model (39). The CAM is a highly vascularized membrane that enables gas exchange and that can be easily accessed by cutting a small window in the egg shell.…”

Enhanced antitumor activity mediated by human 4‐1BB‐engineered T cells

“…20 The CAM model has been extensively used for grafting xenogenic tumors, facilitating studies of angiogenesis, tumor development and metastasis in the past century. 40,50 However, to the best of our knowledge, our study represents the first utilization of this model in the context of adoptive T-cell transfer (ACT) treatment (Fig. 5).…”

“…11 Thus, we decided to assess the antitumor function of 4-1BB-transduced T cells in a in ovo cytotoxicity assay based on xenograft model using the chick embryo CAM model. 40 The CAM is a highly vascularized membrane that allows for gas exchange and which can be easily accessed by cutting a small window in the egg shell. In brief, 5-10 3 10 6 tumor cells (either SK-MEL23 or 624) were grafted on the CAM as described in the Material and Methods section.…”

Brain Tumor–Induced Angiogenesis: Approaches and Bioassays

“…Initially, Murphy et al [85] implanted rat Jensen sarcoma cells into the CAM of chicken eggs and were able to show signs of tumor-induced angiogenesis. Highly promoted by Folkman et al, the CAM-assay has been transposed to the developing field of angiogenesis [86].…”