Transplacental Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) Infection in Mice During Consecutive Pregnancies

Persistence, Latency and Reactivation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Mice

“…Some of the mice in each of the groups were allowed to give birth. Reactivated virus can be transmitted transplacentally, resulting in neonatal deaths as reported earlier (Mathur et al, 1982). Virus was isolated from 13 to 17~ of the newborns from these groups.…”

“…We have described a JEV-mouse model to study the transplacental transmission of the virus (Mathur et al, 1981), a phenomenon observed in human cases during the 1978 epidemic in India (Chaturvedi et al, 1980). Pregnant mice initially infected during pregnancy could transmit JEV to foetuses 6 months later during subsequent pregnancies (Mathur et al, 1982). These observations are of great significance if true for humans also.…”

The epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis on Taiwan during 1966-1997.

“…If JEV reactivates when the pig is pregnant, the virus would pass to newborn pigs, as it does in mice. 38,39 Both the mother and the newborn pigs would then serve as reservoirs for the periodic occurrence of JEV. The advancement of pig feeding technology from the 1960s to the 1980s, which has apparently shortened the period between pregnancies of female pigs, might be responsible for earlier JEV emergence.…”

Birth Outcomes Following West Nile Virus Infection of Pregnant Women in the United States: 2003-2004

“…Spontaneous abortion with virus isolated from fetal tissue has been reported after JEV infection. 5,6 Neonatal dengue, including hemorrhagic manifestations and neonatal death, has followed congenital dengue infection. [7][8][9] SLEV, JEV, and WNV infection of pregnant mice has caused abortion and stillbirth, as well as neonatal encephalocele, hydrocephalus, and learning deficits.…”