Transpiration of well-watered and water-stressed Asian pear trees as determined by lysimetry, heat-pulse, and estimated by a Penman-Monteith model

Caspari, Horst W.; Green, Steve; Edwards, W. R.

doi:10.1016/0168-1923(93)90047-l

Cited by 75 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The main methods developed for sap flow measurements (presented in chronological order) are: (1) Heat pulse velocity (HPV ;Huber 1932;Huber and Schmidt 1936;Marshall 1958;Swanson 1970;Morikawa 1972;Cohen et al 1981;Cohen 1993;Green and Clothier 1988;Green et al 2003;Caspari et al 1993). …”

Section: Characteristics Of Main Methods Applied For Sap Flow Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sap flow measurements with some thermodynamic methods, flow integration within trees and scaling up from sample trees to entire forest stands

Čermák

Kučera²,

Nadezhdina

2004

Trees

346

147

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Sap flow measurement techniques and evaluation of data are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the trunk segment heat balance (THB) and heat field deformation (HFD) methods based on 30 years experience. Further elaboration of sap flow data is discussed in terms of integrating flow for whole stems from individual measuring points, considering variation of radial patterns in sapwood and variation around stems. Scaling up of data from sets of sample trees to entire forest stands based on widely available biometric data (partially on remote sensing images) is described and evaluated with a discussion of the magnitude of errors, the routine procedure applicable in any forest stand and practical examples.

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Section: Characteristics Of Main Methods Applied For Sap Flow Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sap flow measurements with some thermodynamic methods, flow integration within trees and scaling up from sample trees to entire forest stands

Čermák

Kučera²,

Nadezhdina

2004

Trees

346

147

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“…Tree transpiration was calculated using a modified Penman-Monteith model as described in Caspari et al (1993b). Meteorological data were obtained from a weather station located approximately 1 km from the lysimeter facility.…”

Section: Experiments With Asian Pear Treesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of sap flow measurements for scheduling irrigation in olive, apple and Asian pear trees and in grapevines

et al. 2007

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We evaluated three approaches for scheduling irrigation in wine grape vineyards and in olive, apple and Asian pear tree orchards, based on sap flow measurements and models of plant transpiration. In the first approach, we analysed how the shape of the sap-flow profile changed in response to root-zone soil water conditions and potential evaporative demand. The second approach was based on a transpiration ratio, as defined from the actual daily water use of a target plant divided by the potential daily water use of similar-sized plants under non-limiting soil water conditions ("well-irrigated" plants). Values of the actual plant water use were always determined from measured sap flow. Two independent methods were assessed for the calculation of potential plant water use; either sap flow was measured in well-irrigated plants or we used a leaf-area based model of plant transpiration. On some occasions water stress was found to modify the shape of the sap velocity profile. However, most of the time the velocity profile was found to be an insensitive indicator for triggering irrigation. The transpiration ratio method, using measured sap flow in well-irrigated plants, was more useful for irrigation scheduling, at least for the two species (i.e. olive and grape) that were investigated here. Nonetheless, realization of such an approach in a commercial orchard may not be practical due to problems associated with irrigation management e.g. excessive vegetative growth may occur on the reference plants over time. Besides, irrigating the orchard to maintain non-limiting soil water conditions is not always the best option for water and nutrient management. The alternative transpiration ratio method based on a leaf-area based model of plant water use, yielded the best results. Modelled transpiration rates always provided reliable information not only for well-irrigated plants, but also for deficit-irrigated plants. This result lends support to the use of the method for irrigation scheduling of vineyard and orchard trees. However, the use of models does require detailed microclimate data as well as a userfriendly technique to quantify plant leaf area. From a practical viewpoint the method should encompass the spatial variability of the soil and plants within the orchard. Accurate quantification of these factors is a cornerstone of precision horticulture and such inforPlant Soil (2008) 305:91-104 mation would help to minimise risks associated with insufficient as well as excessive irrigation applications.

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“…The leaf area estimation method used in the experiment was introduced by Caspari and Green (1993). Total leaf areas were unable to be measured during the experimental period because the leaves could not be defoliated for the duration of the experiments.…”

Section: Leaf Area Measurements and Estimationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of canopy transpiration and canopy conductance of peach (Prunus persica) trees to alternate partial root zone drip irrigation

Gong¹,

Kang

Zhang

2005

Hydrol. Process.

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Abstract:We investigated canopy transpiration and canopy conductance of peach trees under three irrigation patterns: fixed 1/2 partial root zone drip irrigation (FPRDI), alternate 1/2 partial root zone drip irrigation (APRDI) and full root zone drip irrigation (FDI). Canopy transpiration was measured using heat pulse sensors, and canopy conductance was calculated using the Jarvis model and the inversion of the Penman-Monteith equation. Results showed that the transpiration rate and canopy conductance in FPRDI and APRDI were smaller than those in FDI. More significantly, the total irrigation amount was greatly reduced, by 34Ð7% and 39Ð6%, respectively for APRDI and FPRDI in the PRDI (partial root zone drip irrigation) treatment period. The daily transpiration was linearly related to the reference evapotranspiration in the three treatments, but daily transpiration of FDI is more than that of APRDI and FPRDI under the same evaporation demand, suggesting a restriction of transpiration water loss in the APRDI and FPRDI trees. FDI needed a higher soil water content to carry the same amount of transpiration as the APRDI and FPRDI trees, suggesting the hydraulic conductance of roots of APRDI and FPRDI trees was enhanced, and the roots had a greater water uptake than in FDI when the average soil water content in the root zone was the same. By a comparison between the transpiration rates predicted by the Penman-Monteith equation and the measured canopy transpiration rates for 60 days during the experimental period, an excellent correlation along the 1 : 1 line was found for all the treatments (R 2 > 0Ð80), proving the reliability of the methodology.

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Transpiration of well-watered and water-stressed Asian pear trees as determined by lysimetry, heat-pulse, and estimated by a Penman-Monteith model

Cited by 75 publications

References 14 publications

Sap flow measurements with some thermodynamic methods, flow integration within trees and scaling up from sample trees to entire forest stands

Sap flow measurements with some thermodynamic methods, flow integration within trees and scaling up from sample trees to entire forest stands

The use of sap flow measurements for scheduling irrigation in olive, apple and Asian pear trees and in grapevines

Responses of canopy transpiration and canopy conductance of peach (Prunus persica) trees to alternate partial root zone drip irrigation

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