Transpiration deficits increase host susceptibility to bark beetle attack: Experimental observations and practical outcomes for Ips typographus hazard assessment

Matthews, Bradley; Netherer, Sigrid; Katzensteiner, Klaus; Pennerstorfer, Josef; Blackwell, Emma; Henschke, Patrick; Hietz, Peter; Rosner, Sabine; Jansson, Per‐Erik; Schume, Helmut; Schopf, Axel

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.08.004

Cited by 45 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…As underlined by Bentz et al (2019), cross-regional drought stress associated with warm temperature conditions can initiate mass-attack of host stands by I. typographus and D. ponderosae, both bark beetle species showing high reproductive capacity. This assumption is supported by this study of spatially explicit simulations of bark beetle phenology and stand transpiration deficits using the novel model combination PHENIPS-TDEF (Matthews et al, 2018). The relevance of drought stress for infestation was mediated by population dynamics as indicated by salvage logging trends and stand predisposition index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The dual bark beetle phenology-forest water balance simulator PHENIPS-TDEF was developed to help identification of potentially co-occurring beetle flight and tree drought stress in forest stands (Matthews et al, 2018). The PHENIPS tool was originally described by Baier et al (2007) and can be easily implemented following this publication.…”

Section: Simulation Of Bark Beetle Phenology and Stand Transpiration mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basic ecosystem water balance model was written and run using the open source programming environment R (R Core Team, 2014). As described in detail by Matthews et al (2018), TDEF transforms the hourly weather data depending on inter alia the elevation of the weather station and the forest stand to be simulated, and the slope and aspect of the stand. The calculation starts when the snow-free period, estimated for each year as the first of day of 5 consecutive days when the daily mean temperature exceeds 5 • C, begins.…”

Section: Simulation Of Bark Beetle Phenology and Stand Transpiration mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address this problem, seasonal variations in the stress status of mature Norway spruce and shifting capability to defend I. typographus attacks were studied in the course of an elaborate drought manipulation experiment performed in a forest stand located in the Eastern Austrian Rosalia Mountains (Netherer et al, 2015(Netherer et al, , 2016. The "Rosalia Roof experiment" for the first time provided strong empirical evidence of the negative impact of drought stress on Norway spruce defense against I. typographus; yet, distinct differences in attractiveness of stressed and control trees were not observed (Netherer et al, 2015;Matthews et al, 2018). Notably, proportions of prevented attacks were higher among trees exhibiting low water stress and high resin flow, while proportions of successful attacks increased with drought stress (Netherer et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using data from the study site of the "Rosalia Roof experiment, " a process-based water balance model (TDEF), simplified for the purpose of practical application, was parametrized to simulate stand hydrology. Acute and chronic transpiration deficits (i.e., differences between potential evapotranspiration simulated under non-limiting soil moisture and actual evapotranspiration), calculated as proxies for Norway spruce drought stress status, in part explained I. typographus attack success observed in the bioassays performed at the study trees (Matthews et al, 2018). These results were thus behind the rationale for combining the PHENIPS and TDEF models into a single tool, PHENIPS-TDEF, which by simulating both bark beetle phenology and stand hydrology can identify critical periods of coinciding I. typographus flight and Norway spruce drought stress (Netherer et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Drought Is an Important Driver of Bark Beetle Infestation in Austrian Norway Spruce Stands

Netherer

Panassiti²,

Pennerstorfer

et al. 2019

Front. For. Glob. Change

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132

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Infestations by the Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus have recently caused peaks in Norway spruce mortality in Central European forests. In this study, we examined how temperature conditions, chronic and acute drought stress, and stand characteristics influence forest disturbance by the spruce bark beetle. We investigated bark beetle induced salvage logging in Norway spruce stands of Austrian Federal Forests (ÖBf) as a proxy variable for infestation/attack by I. typographus. Utilizing ÖBf forest inventory data and the monitoring tool PHENIPS-TDEF, a well-proven bark beetle phenology model combined with a forest water balance module, we retrospectively simulated effective temperature sums for bark beetle development and transpiration deficits at forest stand level. We examined forest stand properties and the model output variables as predictors of bark beetle attack in decision trees and binary logistic regression analysis. We found that I. typographus infestation increased with a stand predisposition index indicating high share of Norway spruce, increased stand age, and stand density. Stands subject to bark beetle attack in the previous year were highly prone to subsequent damage, which points to attack pressure from increased population densities due to ample supply of breeding material. While chronically dry soil conditions described as shallow, xeric, and of low moisture, were associated with bark beetle infestation to a lesser degree, acute drought in the form of increases in stand transpiration deficits proved to raise the probability of bark beetle attacks. The previous year's and current year's summer (June to August) TDEF total, in combination with effective thermal sums allowing for at least two bark beetle generations and sister broods, were significant predictors of bark beetle attack. We conclude from our results that in the absence of windthrow, a combination of ample host availability, favorable temperature conditions for bark beetle development, and acute disposition of trees to attack caused by drought stress can intensify population growth and very likely lead to bark beetle mass outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Simulation Of Bark Beetle Phenology and Stand Transpiration mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Of Bark Beetle Phenology and Stand Transpiration mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Acute Drought Is an Important Driver of Bark Beetle Infestation in Austrian Norway Spruce Stands

Netherer

Panassiti²,

Pennerstorfer

et al. 2019

Front. For. Glob. Change

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132

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Tree trait-mediated differences in soil moisture regimes: a comparative study of beech, spruce, and larch in a drought-prone area of Central Europe

Kuželková,

Jačka,

Kovář

et al. 2023

Eur J Forest Res

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Species-speci c tree traits substantially impact precipitation partitioning, soil in ltration, retention, and overall water management. With the changing climate, the evidence of drought-induced tree mortality is increasing, indicating the need for a shift to more resilient species. Therefore, the knowledge of tree species' effect on soil-water management is needed. We used a total of 54 stations for monitoring the soil moisture regimes of silt loam soil in Central Bohemia under three common and different tree species (spruce, larch, and beech). For the dry and warm part of the year 2022, the soil moisture in winter and early spring was signi cantly lowered by high canopy interception and gradually depleted by early spring transpiration of evergreen spruce, where mean values were more than 15% lower than for beech. Since March, the soil moisture under spruce was already below the limit of easily available water. In contrast, the deciduous beech and larch did not show a signi cant decrease until the foliage emergence in early May. The beech stands showed the highest soil moisture levels, which we attributed to a more effective water recharge mechanism induced by its structural traits. This adaptive strategy is vital as soil-water storage is critical for coping with climate change. In general, the results show a distinct advantage in the water recharge ability of deciduous trees and that the selection of tree species can distinctly affect soil moisture conditions, especially during drought periods in areas characterized by tight hydrological balance.

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Drought-Mediated Changes in Tree Physiological Processes Weaken Tree Defenses to Bark Beetle Attack

et al. 2019

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Transpiration deficits increase host susceptibility to bark beetle attack: Experimental observations and practical outcomes for Ips typographus hazard assessment

Cited by 45 publications

References 85 publications

Acute Drought Is an Important Driver of Bark Beetle Infestation in Austrian Norway Spruce Stands

Acute Drought Is an Important Driver of Bark Beetle Infestation in Austrian Norway Spruce Stands

Tree trait-mediated differences in soil moisture regimes: a comparative study of beech, spruce, and larch in a drought-prone area of Central Europe

Drought-Mediated Changes in Tree Physiological Processes Weaken Tree Defenses to Bark Beetle Attack

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