Transparent tellurite glass-ceramics for photonics applications: A comprehensive review on crystalline phases and crystallization mechanisms

The effect of rare earth (RE3+) ionic radii on transparent lanthanide-tellurite glass-ceramics: correlation between ‘hole-formalism’ and crystallization

“…In fact, such a wide optical window is far beyond the ability of other conventional oxide glass matrixes (silicate, aluminate, borate, phosphate). 13…”

“…In fact, such a wide optical window is far beyond the ability of other conventional oxide glass matrixes (silicate, aluminate, borate, phosphate). 13 Another specialty of tellurite glass is that it allows the precipitation of ''anti-glass'' type (KNbO ) intriguing structure crystallites. [14][15][16][17] As there is no sharp contrast between the structure of glass and the precipitated ''anti-glass'' crystalline phase, the GCs containing ''anti-glass'' phases are advantageous for retention of transparency even with relatively larger crystallite sizes.…”

Ln2Te6O15 (Ln = La, Gd, and Eu) “Anti-Glass” Phase-Assisted Lanthanum-Tellurite Transparent Glass–Ceramics: Eu3+ Emission and Local Site Symmetry Analysis

“…Owing to the high refractive index, lower melting temperature, nonhygroscopic nature, a wide transmission window from visible (0.4 μm) to mid-IR (up to ∼ 6 μm), and specifically low-phonon energy (<780 cm –1 ), tellurite glasses and their GCs counterparts consisting of REs are considered as promising candidates for the applications in solid-state lasers (especially MIR), broadband amplifiers, color displays, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), thermal sensors, biophotonics, and solar-cell applications. ,,− It has been reported that the presence of Ln 2 O 3 is known to promote and actively participate in the formation of nanocrystalline “anti-glass” phases (Ln 2 Te 6 O 15 /Ln 2 Te 5 O 13 ) and also to help in achieving a low-phonon environment on heat treatment. Such tellurite GCs containing both glass and “anti-glass” nanocrystalline phases retain their transparency and hence have led to further advancement in terms of both scientific and technical applications. ,, …”

Crystallization Mechanism and Optical Properties of Antimony-Germanate-Silicate Glass-Ceramic Doped with Europium Ions

“…In the EuPO 4 crystal lattice, europium ions are coordinated with Eu-O and P-O atoms bonds forming polyhedrons [ 35 , 36 ]. In our experiment, the bulk crystallization mechanism was observed [ 37 , 38 ].…”