Transparent stretchable thermogalvanic PVA/gelation hydrogel electrolyte for harnessing solar energy enabled by a binary solvent strategy

Bai, Chenhui; Li, Xuebiao; Cui, Xiaojing; Yang, Xiaoming; Zhang, Xinru; Yang, Kun; Wang, Tao; Zhang, Hulin

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107449

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Notably, the majority of thermogalvanic cell research is focused on the improvement of p-type electrolytes (where the absolute charge of the reducing agent is greater than the absolute charge of the oxidant), which are frequently based on Fe(CN) 6 3–/4– . The thermopower of n-type cells is inherently lower than that of p-type cells because of sluggish kinetics. − Despite much efforts, the reported n-type cells’ output power remains lower than that of p-type cells. As a result of their superior output performance, we selected the redox pair of [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3–/4– as the thermogalvanic ions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Powered Respiratory Monitoring Strategy Based on Adaptive Dual-Network Thermogalvanic Hydrogels

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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As a low-grade sustainable heat source, the breath waste heat exhaled by human bodies is always ignored, although producing a greater temperature than ambient. Converting this heat into electric energy for use as power sources or detecting signals is extremely important in cutting-edge wearable medicine. This heatto-electricity conversion is possible with thermogalvanic hydrogels. However, challenges remain in their antifreezing and antidrying properties, significantly restricting the durability of thermogalvanic gels in practical applications. Herein, a dual-network poly(vinyl alcohol)/gelatin (PVA/GEL) gel thermogalvanic device with Fe(CN) 63−/4− as a redox pair is developed, with an outstanding low-temperature durability and antidrying capacity. These features result from the use of a binary H 2 O/ GL (glycerin) solvent to limit hydrogen bonding between water molecules. The prepared thermogalvanic gel patch is capable of easily converting physiological data into understandable electrical impulses using the temperature difference between the ambient environment and the heat produced by human breathing, realizing a simple self-powered respiratory monitoring strategy for the first time. Even below zero temperature, the gel patch-based mask can operate normally, implying it fits into low-temperature environments. This study sheds fresh light on the development of active wearable medical electronics that are powered by demic low-level heat.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Powered Respiratory Monitoring Strategy Based on Adaptive Dual-Network Thermogalvanic Hydrogels

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…It has been reported that the gel strength of PVA was improved by the addition of chitosan through the hydrogen bond interaction [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The gel strength obtained in the present study did not show significant differences, and the values obtained were comparable with similar polymer-based hydrogels reported in the literature [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinol-Loaded Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Hydrogels as Suitable Biomaterials with Antimicrobial Properties for the Proliferation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Elango

Zamora‐Ledezma

Negrete-Bolagay

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels are well-known biomimetic 3D systems for mammalian cell cultures to mimic native tissues. Recently, several biomolecules were intended for use in PVA hydrogels to improve their biological properties. However, retinol, an important biomolecule, has not been combined with a PVA hydrogel for culturing bone marrow mesenchymal stem (BMMS) cells. Thus, for the first time, the effect of retinol on the physicochemical, antimicrobial, and cell proliferative properties of a PVA hydrogel was investigated. The ability of protein (3.15 nm) and mineral adsorption (4.8 mg/mL) of a PVA hydrogel was improved by 0.5 wt.% retinol. The antimicrobial effect of hydrogel was more significant in S. aureus (39.3 mm) than in E. coli (14.6 mm), and the effect was improved by increasing the retinol concentration. The BMMS cell proliferation was more upregulated in retinol-loaded PVA hydrogel than in the control at 7 days. We demonstrate that the respective in vitro degradation rate of retinol-loaded PVA hydrogels (RPH) (75–78% degradation) may promote both antibacterial and cellular proliferation. Interestingly, the incorporation of retinol did not affect the cell-loading capacity of PVA hydrogel. Accordingly, the fabricated PVA retinol hydrogel proved its compatibility in a stem cell culture and could be a potential biomaterial for tissue regeneration.

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“…There is more than one way to measure thermal conductivity. Yang et al measured the thermal conductivity of PVA-based gels using the transient hot-wire method [ 56 ], as shown in Figure 8 c. In our previous study, the thermal conductivity of the gel was determined by the steady-state method [ 117 ], as shown in Figure 8 d. The equation for calculating the thermal conductivity used in the experiment is as follows:

where c is the specific heat (J g −1 K −1 ), m is the mass of the gel (g), T top is the initial temperature of the upper surface ( K ), Δ t is the heat transfer time to reach the steady state (s), A is the surface area of the heat sink end of the gel, and Δ T is the temperature change of the upper surface area ( T end - T top , K ).…”

Section: Improving the Efficiency Of Single Thermocellmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous work, strong hydrogen bonding was inhibited by inducing DMSO solvent, which not only makes the polymer chains tropically elastic at temperatures below zero degrees, effectively improving the conductivity in the low-temperature state, but also forms microcrystalline regions in the cross-linked structure, which facilitates the transparency of the thermal cell. To demonstrate the potential application of low-level harvesting heat induced by solar radiation, we established a PG gel-based thermal energy harvesting window [ 117 ], as shown in Figure 17 a–f. The temperature difference between the two ends of the gel is generated by an implanted light-absorbing sponge.…”

Section: Potential Applications For Thermogalvanic Hydrogel Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Grade Thermal Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Sensing Based on Thermogalvanic Hydrogels

et al. 2023

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Thermoelectric cells (TEC) directly convert heat into electricity via the Seebeck effect. Known as one TEC, thermogalvanic hydrogels are promising for harvesting low-grade thermal energy for sustainable energy production. In recent years, research on thermogalvanic hydrogels has increased dramatically due to their capacity to continuously convert heat into electricity with or without consuming the material. Until recently, the commercial viability of thermogalvanic hydrogels was limited by their low power output and the difficulty of packaging. In this review, we summarize the advances in electrode materials, redox pairs, polymer network integration approaches, and applications of thermogalvanic hydrogels. Then, we highlight the key challenges, that is, low-cost preparation, high thermoelectric power, long-time stable operation of thermogalvanic hydrogels, and broader applications in heat harvesting and thermoelectric sensing.

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Transparent stretchable thermogalvanic PVA/gelation hydrogel electrolyte for harnessing solar energy enabled by a binary solvent strategy

Cited by 45 publications

References 33 publications

Self-Powered Respiratory Monitoring Strategy Based on Adaptive Dual-Network Thermogalvanic Hydrogels

Self-Powered Respiratory Monitoring Strategy Based on Adaptive Dual-Network Thermogalvanic Hydrogels

Retinol-Loaded Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Hydrogels as Suitable Biomaterials with Antimicrobial Properties for the Proliferation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Low-Grade Thermal Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Sensing Based on Thermogalvanic Hydrogels

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