Transparent ITO mechanical crack-based pressure and strain sensor

Abstract

Sensors to detect motion with high precision have been extensively studied in diverse engineering research fields.

Local Crack‐Programmed Gold Nanowire Electronic Skin Tattoos for In‐Plane Multisensor Integration

“…This is further confirmed by a dynamic durability test of 1000 cycles with repeated strain of 60% (Figure S8a–c, Supporting Information). The high durability under high repeated strain test is in contrast with previous reported sputter‐coated metallic bulk‐cracking system, which could only allow a limited stretchability of <10% . In control experiment, the cracked sputtered gold thin film lost the majority of its conductivity after only 10 cycles with the same repeated strain (Figure S8d, Supporting Information), due to severe delamination (Figure S9a,b, Supporting Information).…”

“…Multiple active materials have been integrated to realize multifunctional modalities, but often in sacrifice of device thickness and mechanical deformability . On the other hand, bulk channel crack has been intentionally generated on rigid metal films to design highly sensitive electronic skins (E‐skins), however, such systems can only function within a very small strain range (<10%) without achieving multifunctionalities. Here, we report on local‐crack‐programmed, entirely gold‐based multifunctional E‐skin tattoo using elastomer‐embedded standing enokitake‐mushroom‐like vertically aligned nanowires (V‐AuNWs).…”

“…Here, we report on local‐crack‐programmed, entirely gold‐based multifunctional E‐skin tattoo using elastomer‐embedded standing enokitake‐mushroom‐like vertically aligned nanowires (V‐AuNWs). Unlike those bulk cracking system, we could generate localized cracks with tunable sizes, shapes, and orientations, allowing for programming desired sensitivity, stretchability (up to ≈80%), and specificity of the sensors. Our local‐cracking technology avoided multiactive materials interface, enabling seamless integration of strain/pressure sensor, anisotropic orientation‐specific sensors and strain‐insensitive stretchable interconnects without the need of soldering or gluing.…”

“…Unlike elastomer‐supported rigid films, such as evaporated continuous metallic films, transfer printed silicon membranes, or carbon‐based materials, our elastic gold conductors are more resistant to cracks under strains due to interlocking effect of the embedment structure (Figure S3, Supporting Information). No evident cracks were observed up to 80% strain (Figure S4, Supporting Information).…”

Polyimide Encapsulation of Spider-Inspired Crack-Based Sensors for Durability Improvement

“…Where ∆R is the resistance change with deformation, R 0 is the resistance before deformation, and ε is the applied deformation. Moreover, it has diverse advantages including flexibility, wearability, and multifunctional sensing abilities [13][14][15][16][17]. However, the durability of the sensor in harsh environments of liquids and/or high temperature is still a challenging issue.…”