Transparent and Flexible Inorganic Perovskite Photonic Artificial Synapses with Dual‐Mode Operation

Abstract

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the simulation of the human brain for neuromorphic computing has demonstrated unprecedented progress. Photonic artificial synapses are strongly desirable owing to their higher neuron selectivity, lower crosstalk, wavelength multiplexing capabilities, and low operating power compared to their electric counterparts. This study demonstrates a highly transparent and flexible artificial synapse with a two‐terminal architecture that emulates photonic synaptic functionalities. This optically triggered artificial synapse exhibits clear synaptic characteristics such as paired‐pulse facilitation, short/long‐term memory, and synaptic behavior analogous to that of the iris in the human eye. Ultraviolet light illumination‐induced neuromorphic characteristics exhibited by the synapse are attributed to carrier trapping and detrapping in the SnO2 nanoparticles and CsPbCl3 perovskite interface. Moreover, the ability to detect deep red light without changes in synaptic behavior indicates the potential for dual‐mode operation. This study establishes a novel two‐terminal architecture for highly transparent and flexible photonic artificial synapse that can help facilitate higher integration density of transparent 3D stacking memristors, and make it possible to approach optical learning, memory, computing, and visual recognition.

Artificial Optoelectronic Synapses Based on TiNxO2–x/MoS2 Heterojunction for Neuromorphic Computing and Visual System

“…By turning off the light, the conductance exhibits a gradual decay process instead of recovering to the initial conductance rapidly, which can be ascribed to the inherent persistent photoconductivity effect. [ 36,42 ] We show that this decay effect could possibly be eliminated through application of negative voltage pulses. As shown in Figure 3b, the conductance of the H‐OSD will immediately drop down to the initial state when a –3 V voltage pulse with 5 ms duration time is imposed at 40 s, suggesting a light‐potentiation and electrical erase behavior.…”

“…[ 37–40 ] So far, reports on the emulation of the human visual system are still rare and in its infancy. [ 41–44 ]…”

Recent advances on crystalline materials-based flexible memristors for data storage and neuromorphic applications

“…Due to their exotic optical absorption, outstanding charge-transporting properties, and ultra-flexibility, HPs are believed as emerging contenders for next-generation electronic devices. Here, we focus on recent advances about HPbased flexible memristors [25,48,118,[123][124][125][126].…”

“…They ascribed the resistive switching to the conducting filaments formed by Ag cation migration through the lattice of the perovskite. Intrudingly, Yang et al [124] demon-…”

Halide perovskite for low‐power consumption neuromorphic devices

“…In case (1), V p = 0.15 V and V d = −0.28 V. In case (2), V p = 0.15 V and V d = −0.28 V with light intensity I L = 8.16 mW cm −2 applied, and in case (3), V p = 0.3 V and V d = −0.56 V 60 . (H) The pattern “U” recognition in 3 × 3 array with different light intensity and time 82 . (I) The current response of the device under different light intensity(12.5 μW/cm 2 , 25 μW/cm 2 , and 50 μW/cm 2 ) 82 .…”