Transovarial Transmission of Yellow Fever Virus in Stegomyia Mosquitoes *

Beaty, Barry J.; Tesh, Robert B.; Aitken, T. H. G.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1980.29.125

Cited by 85 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…6,14 In contrast, our study has shown an increasing TIR dependent on the successive gonotrophic cycles. The highest infection rates we obtained were observed in the last gonotrophic cycles.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

“…2 The vertical transmission rates were relatively high compared with results obtained by other investigators. 4,6 However, they were lower than those obtained in nature with adult males caught on humans (31.42 Ϯ 15.7%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…aegypti colonies used could partly explain the differences in infection rates obtained by the various investigators. Indeed, the susceptibility to arboviruses depends on the geographic origin of the mosquito populations and is under genetic control, 16,17 although Beaty and others 6 noted only minor differences in vertical transmission compared with Ae. aegypti colonies from Africa, Asia, and North America (Santo Domingo).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mascarensis and Haemagogus equinus. 6,7 The studies conducted in Koungheul on Aedes mosquitoes collected in the field had shown that the infection rate in recently emerged adults was lower than that in males caught on humans. This observation suggested that the viral titer in emerging adults infected by vertical transmission was low and hard to detect with conventional isolation methods, whereas the older mosquitoes had a higher titer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical transmission of the yellow fever virus by Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae): dynamics of infection in F1 adult progeny of orally infected females.

Diallo¹,

Thonnon²,

Fontenille³

2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Vertical transmission of yellow fever virus from orally infected females to their progeny was experimentally demonstrated in 2 Aedes aegypti colonies from the Dakar and Koungheul regions in Senegal. A total of 10,530 F 1 adult mosquito progeny were tested. The overall vertical transmission rate was 0.97%, with no significant difference between the Dakar and Koungheul colonies. The infection rates were significantly higher in females (1.15%) than in males (0.74%) in both colonies. The virus was not isolated from the progeny of the first oviposition cycle (OVC1). The true infection rates were 0.27% and 1.99%, respectively, for the OVC2 and OVC3 progeny in the Dakar colony, and 1.1% and 1.48%, respectively, for the OVC2 and OVC3 progeny in the Koungheul colony. The infection rates increased with extrinsic incubation in both male and female offspring of the 2 colonies, reaching 5.2% in 20-day-old OVC3 female progeny in the Dakar colony. The epidemiologic consequences of these results are discussed.In 1995, a yellow fever epidemic occurred in Koungheul, Senegal. 1 Entomologic surveys provided evidence of vertical transmission of the yellow fever virus by its mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti. The virus was isolated from wild males and recently emerged adults from larvae collected in the field. 2 Vertical transmission of yellow fever virus has already been proved experimentally in Ae. aegypti, 3,4 and 3 strains of this virus have been isolated from male Ae. furcifer-taylori mosquitoes. 5 The capacity of other mosquito species to vertically transmit yellow fever virus has also been shown experimentally in Ae. mascarensis and Haemagogus equinus. 6,7 The studies conducted in Koungheul on Aedes mosquitoes collected in the field had shown that the infection rate in recently emerged adults was lower than that in males caught on humans. This observation suggested that the viral titer in emerging adults infected by vertical transmission was low and hard to detect with conventional isolation methods, whereas the older mosquitoes had a higher titer. The objective of this study was to study the dynamics of viral infection in emerging adult mosquitoes vertically infected, using the same isolation methods as those used during the Koungheul epidemic. MATERIALS AND METHODSMosquitoes. Two geographic strains of Ae. aegypti from Dakar, and Koungheul, Senegal were used. These colonies were reared at 27 Ϯ 1ЊC and a relative humidity of 70-80% with a 12-hr photoperiod. Adult mosquitoes were regularly fed on guinea pig blood or 10% sugar and larval stages were provided with Tetra Baby Fish Food (TetraWerke, Melle, Germany).Virus. The viral strain used was ArD 114891. It was isolated from a pool of 10 Ae. aegypti females caught on humans in the village of Koung-Koung during the epidemic that occurred in Koungheul, Senegal in 1995. This strain was passed twice on AP61 cell lines (Ae. pseudoscutellaris) and 3 times on suckling mice. The viral stock that we used in our experiments was prepared with triturated, infected suckling mice bra...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical transmission of the yellow fever virus by Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae): dynamics of infection in F1 adult progeny of orally infected females.

Diallo¹,

Thonnon²,

Fontenille³

2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Os mosquitos são os reservatórios transmissores do VFA, pois, uma vez infectados, assim permanecem por toda a vida (MONATH, 2001;, havendo comprovação de transmissão vertical (BEATY et al, 1980). Evidências sugerem que outros animais, como marsupiais arborícolas e roedores, possam ter papel secundário no ciclo de manutenção viral, especialmente em áreas onde os PNH estejam ausentes ou já imunes ao VFA (MONATH, 1998;THOISY et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação do impacto da epizootia de Febre Amarela sobre as populações de primatas não humanos nas unidades de conservação do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

et al. 2012

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Wolbachia enhances insect‐specific flavivirus infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Amuzu

Tsyganov

Koh

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Mosquitoes transmit a diverse group of human flaviviruses including West Nile, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. Mosquitoes are also naturally infected with insect‐specific flaviviruses (ISFs), a subgroup of the family not capable of infecting vertebrates. Although ISFs are not medically important, they are capable of altering the mosquito's susceptibility to flaviviruses and may alter host fitness. Wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacterium of insects that when present in mosquitoes limits the replication of co‐infecting pathogens, including flaviviruses. Artificially created Wolbachia‐infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are being released into the wild in a series of trials around the globe with the hope of interrupting dengue and Zika virus transmission from mosquitoes to humans. Our work investigated the effect of Wolbachia on ISF infection in wild‐caught Ae. aegypti mosquitoes from field release zones. All field mosquitoes were screened for the presence of ISFs using general degenerate flavivirus primers and their PCR amplicons sequenced. ISFs were found to be common and widely distributed in Ae. aegypti populations. Field mosquitoes consistently had higher ISF infection rates and viral loads compared to laboratory colony material indicating that environmental conditions may modulate ISF infection in Ae. aegypti. Surprisingly, higher ISF infection rates and loads were found in Wolbachia‐infected mosquitoes compared to the Wolbachia‐free mosquitoes. Our findings demonstrate that the symbiont is capable of manipulating the mosquito virome and that Wolbachia‐mediated viral inhibition is not universal for flaviviruses. This may have implications for the Wolbachia‐based DENV control strategy if ISFs confer fitness effects or alter mosquito susceptibility to other flaviviruses.

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Transovarial Transmission of Yellow Fever Virus in Stegomyia Mosquitoes *

Cited by 85 publications

References 0 publications

Vertical transmission of the yellow fever virus by Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae): dynamics of infection in F1 adult progeny of orally infected females.

Vertical transmission of the yellow fever virus by Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae): dynamics of infection in F1 adult progeny of orally infected females.

Avaliação do impacto da epizootia de Febre Amarela sobre as populações de primatas não humanos nas unidades de conservação do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Wolbachia enhances insect‐specific flavivirus infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

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