Transnational Return Migration to the English-speaking Caribbean

Plaza, Dwaine

doi:10.4000/remi.4317

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Literature about return migration notes that the decision of migrants to return is most likely affected by their success in earning enough money and the improvement of social, economic or political conditions back home (Plaza & Henry, : 3). Other factors include the distance to place of origin, length of stay or the ability to find a job after arrival.…”

Section: Return Migration and The Question Of Transnationalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Forever transnational: The ambivalence of return and cross‐border activities of the Shan across the Thailand‐Myanmar border

Jirattikorn

2017

Singap J Trop Geogr

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Over the past two decades, northern Thailand has experienced a massive influx of Shan ethnic nationals from Myanmar migrating to escape economic hardship and political conflicts at home. Myanmar's recent reforms raise the question of whether these migrants will return. The paper brings together the context of current changes in Myanmar with migrants' prospects of return and the impact of large‐scale migration on homeland politics. On the one hand, the paper explores the possibility that Shan migrants could remain forever transnational, for many of them will most likely never return. On the other hand, it considers the perspective of Shan elites in Myanmar on the fact a large portion of young Shan now spend their adult lives living and working in Thailand. While out‐migration of young Shan threatens the social fabric of Shan community in Myanmar, Shan ethnonationalists strive across the Myanmar border to regain loyalty among the Shan migrant population in Thailand. By examining the two aspects, this paper attempts to shed light on the impact of transnational migration on both migrants and their home country.

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Section: Return Migration and The Question Of Transnationalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Forever transnational: The ambivalence of return and cross‐border activities of the Shan across the Thailand‐Myanmar border

Jirattikorn

2017

Singap J Trop Geogr

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“…Among key policy initiatives established were the harmonization of contradictory provisions in the dual citizenship law (realized in 2002), the institution of formal ties with skilled, experienced and dedicated NRGs, and the creation of investment opportunities to recruit and incorporate them as key actors in development projects (Mohan 2008). Plaza (2008) asserts that acquiring multiple legal statuses shapes the mind-set of migrants living in the diaspora over where they can or want to live in the future. It also opens previously closed doors for temporary or long-term return to their place of origin without fear of any penalty or reprisals from the authorities in either the sending or receiving areas.…”

Section: Skilled Ghanaian Migration In Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating return: the gendered geographies of skilled return migration to Ghana

Wong

2013

Global Networks

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In this article, I extend the literature on return migration by exploring the gendered mechanisms of return for highly skilled Ghanaian migrants. Drawing on interviews with Ghanaian women and men who returned in their prime productive years, I examine their decision‐making, the strategies they implement and the challenges they negotiate in the process. While the decision to return was straightforward, the actual processes circumscribing it contained tensions and compromises that involved renegotiations of gender identities, roles and norms, which themselves intersected with class differences. The empirical analyses emphasize how skilled migrants capitalize on their class status, social networks and transnational activities as means not only to return but also, for some, to mitigate the impacts of separation for themselves and their families as they seek to accomplish specific goals.

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“…In St. Kitts and Nevis there is an increasing trend for residents to marry people living abroad and to share their time between two different countries, [14] , [50] . Dividing families attention between two different countries may serve to decrease opportunities for social networking within their communities, ultimately leading to reduced attachment to neighbourhoods [14] , [50] . In addition, there is an increasing tendency to move away from extended families settings and towards nuclear or single parent homes [14] , [50] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dividing families attention between two different countries may serve to decrease opportunities for social networking within their communities, ultimately leading to reduced attachment to neighbourhoods [14] , [50] . In addition, there is an increasing tendency to move away from extended families settings and towards nuclear or single parent homes [14] , [50] . These factors have led to a decline in the ethos of having a village raise a child [14] , [50] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbourhood Factors and Depression among Adolescents in Four Caribbean Countries

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPast research suggests that perceived neighbourhood conditions may influence adolescents' emotional health. Relatively little research has been conducted examining the association of perceived neighbourhood conditions with depressive symptoms among Caribbean adolescents. This project examines the association of perceived neighbourhood conditions with levels of depressive symptoms among adolescents in Jamaica, the Bahamas, St. Kitts and Nevis, and St. Vincent.MethodsAdolescents attending grade ten of the academic year 2006/2007 in Jamaica, the Bahamas, St. Vincent, and St. Kitts and Nevis were administered the Neighbourhood Characteristics Questionnaire along with the BDI-II. Social cohesion, attachment to the neighbourhood, neighbourhood quality, neighbourhood crime, and neighbourhood disorder scales were created by summing the relevant subscales of the Neighbourhood Characteristics Questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationships of perceived neighbourhood conditions to depressive symptoms.ResultsA wide cross-section of tenth grade students in each nation was sampled (n = 1955; 278 from Jamaica, 217 from the Bahamas, 737 St. Kitts and Nevis, 716 from St. Vincent; 52.1% females, 45.6% males and 2.3% no gender reported; 12 to 19 years, mean = 15.3 yrs, sd = .95 yr). Nearly half (52.1%) of all adolescents reported mild to severe symptoms of depression with 29.1% reporting moderate to severe symptoms of depression. Overall, Jamaican adolescents perceived their neighbourhoods in a more positive manner than those in the Bahamas, St. Vincent and St. Kitts and Nevis. Results of a series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses suggested that a different pattern of neighbourhood factors for each island were associated with depressive symptoms. However, neighbourhood factors were more highly associated with depressive symptoms for Jamaican students than for students in the other three islands.ConclusionsNeighbourhood factors appear to be partially associated with adolescents' self-reports of depressive symptoms. However, other factors may mitigate this relationship.

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Transnational Return Migration to the English-speaking Caribbean

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Forever transnational: The ambivalence of return and cross‐border activities of the Shan across the Thailand‐Myanmar border

Forever transnational: The ambivalence of return and cross‐border activities of the Shan across the Thailand‐Myanmar border

Navigating return: the gendered geographies of skilled return migration to Ghana

Neighbourhood Factors and Depression among Adolescents in Four Caribbean Countries

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