Transnational Networks of Support

Abstract

United by a culture of solidarity and political protest, the working-class community revealed in the periodical España Libre was favored by various networks of support. These included networks associated with the Second Spanish Republican government and politicians in exile; labor unions both within and outside the United States; educators, including Spanish academics and the Modern Schools; as well as Spanish-language and radical publishers operating in Europe and South America. Through the alternative press and fundraising events, exiles met other migrant, ethnic, and radical individuals and maintained a sense of trust and community so necessary to avoid the isolation of exile. On the contrary, ethnic and radical networks strengthened the Confederadas in its commitment to generating its own non-institutionalized and transnational modes of collective organization.