“…The IE literature research reveals that different from two common proxies capturing outcomes (e.g., international growth and performance), there is a broader set of outcomes that can be classified into financial and nonfinancial performances [2]. Regarding financial performances, some studies reveal that prevalent indicators of international profitability [16,33,37,42,46,58,122], sales growth and sales volume [69,75,76,83,101,123], operational efficiency [38,124], opportunity selling [27,42,69], venture capital [39,46], licensing [125,126], tax incentives and grants [98,99], new ventures [37,127].…”