Transmit beamspace design for FDA–MIMO radar with alternating direction method of multipliers

Basit, Abdul; Wang, Wen-Qin; Wali, Samad; Nusenu, Shaddrack Yaw

doi:10.1016/j.sigpro.2020.107832

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…

S (t, r, θ) = \sum_{m = 0}^{M - 1} s_{m} (t - \frac{r_{m}}{c}) = \sum_{m = 0}^{M - 1} w_{m} exp {- j 2 π f_{m} (t - \frac{r_{m}}{c})},

where r m ≅ r − md sin θ is the target slant range with respect to the m ‐th element [38,39], and c is the wave speed. Substituting r m ≅ r − md sin θ and Equation (2) into Equation (3), we have [40,41].

S (t, r, θ) = \sum_{m = 0}^{M - 1} w_{m} \exp {- j 2 π (f_{0} + Δ f_{m}) (t - \frac{r - m d \sin θ}{c})} = exp {- j 2 π f_{0} (t - \frac{r}{c})} \sum_{m = 0}^{M - 1} w_{m} \exp {- j 2 π [Δ f_{m} \cdot (t - \frac{r}{c}) + Δ f_{m} (\frac{m d \sin θ}{c}) + f_{0} (\frac{m d \sin θ}{c})]}

where

Δ f_{m} false(\frac{m d \sin θ}{c} false) < \pm \frac{π}{4}

because the maximum frequency offset is far less than the carrier frequency, that is, max

{Δ f_{m}

…”

Section: Basic Fda Radar and Problem Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time‐variant focusing range‐angle dependent beampattern synthesis by uniform circular frequency diverse array radar

Ahmad

Shi

Zhou

2020

IET Radar Sonar & Navi

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The beam steering of phased array (PA) radar is fixed in one direction for all the ranges, thus the resulting beampattern is angle‐dependent but range‐independent. Compared with the PA radar, the frequency diverse array (FDA) radar can achieve range‐angle dependent beampattern by employing a small frequency increment across the array elements. Numerous studies have been conducted using linear FDAs, while other array configurations are seldom studied. On the other hand, the range‐angle dependent beampattern generated by the FDA is also time‐variant. However, previous studies on time‐invariant spatial‐focusing FDA beampatterns neglected the propagation process of the transmitted signals, leading the focused beampattern difficult to achieve when the transmit delay caused by wave propagation is considered. Taking the time‐variant property of the FDA beampatterns into consideration, in this study, we propose a novel uniform circular FDA (UC‐FDA) radar for short‐range beampattern synthesis. The UC‐FDA radar has the ability to scan azimuthally through 360°, which is a potential solution for applications requiring three‐dimensional beam steering. Furthermore, the proposed UC‐FDA radar adopts a pulse‐dependent non‐linear frequency offsets based on logistic map, together with multi‐carrier technique to achieve a dot‐shaped time‐variant focusing beampattern with minimum sidelobe levels and high‐resolution. The effectiveness of the proposed UC‐FDA radar is validated with simulated experiments.

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“…

S (t, r, θ) = \sum_{m = 0}^{M - 1} s_{m} (t - \frac{r_{m}}{c}) = \sum_{m = 0}^{M - 1} w_{m} exp {- j 2 π f_{m} (t - \frac{r_{m}}{c})},

S (t, r, θ) = \sum_{m = 0}^{M - 1} w_{m} \exp {- j 2 π (f_{0} + Δ f_{m}) (t - \frac{r - m d \sin θ}{c})} = exp {- j 2 π f_{0} (t - \frac{r}{c})} \sum_{m = 0}^{M - 1} w_{m} \exp {- j 2 π [Δ f_{m} \cdot (t - \frac{r}{c}) + Δ f_{m} (\frac{m d \sin θ}{c}) + f_{0} (\frac{m d \sin θ}{c})]}

where

Δ f_{m} false(\frac{m d \sin θ}{c} false) < \pm \frac{π}{4}

because the maximum frequency offset is far less than the carrier frequency, that is, max

{Δ f_{m}

…”

Section: Basic Fda Radar and Problem Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time‐variant focusing range‐angle dependent beampattern synthesis by uniform circular frequency diverse array radar

Ahmad

Shi

Zhou

2020

IET Radar Sonar & Navi

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“…Unlike the MIMO radar with a single carrier frequency, frequency diverse array (FDA) adds small frequency offsets (FOs) across the array elements to provide potentials for rangedependent energy management and support many promising applications [4]- [6]. To achieve the desired beampattern in the range-angle plane, a FDA transmit beamspace matrix optimization method based on alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) was proposed in [7]. In [8], cognitive FDA with situational awareness was introduced to avoid undesired strong interferences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent FDA Radar Systems: Joint Design of Transmitting and Receiving Array Weighters

Jia¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

2022

Preprint

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Due to the frequency offset across its array elements, frequency diverse array (FDA) will generate anglerange-dependent and time-variant transmit beampattern. Since existing investigations usually focus on FDA transmitter and only instantaneous beampattern is considered, which cannot fully exploit the time-range characteristics of FDA radar for enhanced performance, in this paper we formulate a multi-carrier mixing receiver for coherent pulsed-Doppler FDA radar to effectively retain the range information of FDA radar returned signals in subsequent receiver processing. Accordingly, the joint transmitter and receiver is systematically modeled with time-range relationship consideration. More importantly, we optimally design the joint transmitting and receiving weighters by maximizing the radiated energy within the desired range-angle sections for given total energy. All proposed methods are verified by simulation results.

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“…Combining co-located multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with waveform diversity [20], distributed MIMO with spatial diversity [21] and FDA, a focused transmit beampattern was synthesized by optimizing the transmitted baseband complex waveform [22]. Furthermore, to obtain dot-shaped time-invariant beampattern, alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm was adopted to design the transmitted weight matrix in [23]. On the other hand, multiple methods have been proposed to explore the angle-rangedependent property of FDA transmit beampattern, such as dual-pulse FDA [24], FDA-MIMO [25] and FDA subarrays [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The value range of the time variable t is often neglected in the FDA signal model associated with the FDA transmit beampattern in the FDA literature [19], [23], [34]. In order to fully exploit the FDA beampattern characteristics, we reformulate the FDA transmitted signal model with the time-range relation consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time-Range FDA Beampattern Characteristics

Jia¹,

Jakobsson²,

Wang³

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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Existing investigations show that frequency diverse array (FDA) will produce angle-range-dependent and timevariant transmit beampattern, but the relations between time and range and their characteristics still are not fully investigated. In order to fully exploit the time and range dependent characteristics of FDA transmit beampattern and address the effects of FDA frequency offsets, we systematically reformulate the FDA antenna and system model with specific time-range relation consideration. Two FDA transmit beampatterns, namely, instantaneous and integral ones, are derived. Accordingly, the FDA time and range dependent characteristics together with the comparisons to conventional phased-array and co-located multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas are analyzed. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results reveal that the FDA time-range dependent characteristics actually can be regarded as auto-scanning capability, which may provide many promising applications.Index Terms-Frequency diverse array (FDA), FDA antenna, transmit beampattern, time-variant beampattern, beampattern synthesis, auto-scanning antenna, range-time relations.

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Transmit beamspace design for FDA–MIMO radar with alternating direction method of multipliers

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Time‐variant focusing range‐angle dependent beampattern synthesis by uniform circular frequency diverse array radar

Time‐variant focusing range‐angle dependent beampattern synthesis by uniform circular frequency diverse array radar

Coherent FDA Radar Systems: Joint Design of Transmitting and Receiving Array Weighters

Time-Range FDA Beampattern Characteristics

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