Transmission performances of 400 Gbps coherent 16-QAM multi-band OFDM adopting nonlinear mitigation techniques

Song, Mengdi; Pincemin, Erwan; Vgenopoulou, Vassiliki; Roudas, I.; Amhoud, El Mehdi; Jaouën, Yves

doi:10.1109/tiwdc.2015.7323334

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…DBP-As the name suggests, this is a DSP method that attempts to re-wind the non-linear channel. In this method, the optical channel is rigorously numerically modelled and the received signals are digitally back-propagated through a modelled 'virtual' channel with the help of the split-step Fourier (SSF) method as shown in Figure 1 [12]. In Figure 1, the α, β, and γ terms refer to the loss, 2nd order CD and fiber non-linearity, respectively.…”

Section: Drawbacks and Deficiencies Of Benchmark Fiber Non-linearity mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it demonstrates impractically high complexity for real-time applications since a huge number of computation steps are needed to undo the non-linear interactions. For the latter, it has been shown in [11,12] that a minimum 40 steps/span is required to eliminate non-linear distortions (also called as FS-DBP). It worth mentioning that DBP has been recently modified to account for PMD [43] and a stochastic-DBP was also designed to partly account for the ASE noise from optical amplification [44].…”

Section: Drawbacks and Deficiencies Of Benchmark Fiber Non-linearity mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This occurs using non-linear Kernel functions and, similarly to DBP, the CD and fiber non-linearity are compensated in frequency and time domain, respectively. Typically, up to 2nd order kernels are used to account for 2nd order CD, above which does not significantly improve the system performance in single-channel CO-OFDM [12,13,45]. In Figure 2 below, we show the recent implementation of IVSTF for CO-OFDM [13] that is typically placed in a time domain before OFDM demodulation and performs non-linearity compensation per span in parallel processing.…”

Section: Drawbacks and Deficiencies Of Benchmark Fiber Non-linearity mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attempts to combat nonlinearities in CO-OFDM have been performed by deterministic nonlinearity compensators which take advantage of the fact that light scattering within a fibre is a deterministic process. Key techniques towards nonlinearity compensation (NLC) include mid-span optical phase conjugation (MS-OPC) [9], phase-conjugated subcarrier-coding (PCSC) [10], digital back-propagation (DBP) [11,12], and inverse-Volterra series-transfer function (IVSTF) [13]. All of these techniques however, result in modest improvements because the interaction between nonlinearity and random noises in the network, such as the noise originating from optical amplifiers, adds significant stochastic nonlinear distortion.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

et al. 2018

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Coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) has attracted a lot of interest in optical fiber communications due to its simplified digital signal processing (DSP) units, high spectral-efficiency, flexibility, and tolerance to linear impairments. However, CO-OFDM's high peak-to-average power ratio imposes high vulnerability to fiber-induced non-linearities. DSP-based machine learning has been considered as a promising approach for fiber non-linearity compensation without sacrificing computational complexity. In this paper, we review the existing machine learning approaches for CO-OFDM in a common framework and review the progress in this area with a focus on practical aspects and comparison with benchmark DSP solutions.Future Internet 2019, 11, 2 2 of 20 between the spatial modes, compared to the SMFs. On the other hand, the drive towards higher-order modulation formats, such as 16-QAM, and spectral-efficient techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), lead to greater transmission impairments, reducing the maximum distance over which increased capacity can be provided. More specific, denser constellation diagrams render higher-order modulation formats are more susceptible to circularly-symmetric Gaussian noise as generated by Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) along the transmission link [6]. Even though the launch power per wavelength channel can be increased to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver, transmission is limited by nonlinear distortions due to the Kerr effect, which have a more severe impact on higher-order modulation formats and spectral-efficient modulation schemes [5,7].Moreover, the transmission of more than two signal wavelengths (wavelength-division multiplexing, WDM) through an optical fibre generates four-wave mixing (FWM), a process caused by the power dependence of the refractive index of the optical fibre [3]. FWM is related to fibre nonlinearity and gives rise to new wavelengths which significantly degrade the signal quality especially at high optical powers and when signals are spectrally close to each other. FWM is one of the most dominant nonlinear effects in optical networks and a primary root of the capacity crunch [3]. Since nonlinear noise such as FWM is highly correlated to signals themselves, nonlinearity can be mitigated by performing special treatment of the signals or conducting post-transmission digital signal processing (DSP) on received signals [5,7].On the other hand, coherent optical OFDM (CO-OFDM) [8] has attracted a lot of interest in optical fiber communications due to its simplified DSP units, high spectral-efficiency, flexibility, and tolerance to linear impairments. However, CO-OFDM's high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) imposes high vulnerability to fiber-induced nonlinearities [8]. Attempts to combat nonlinearities in CO-OFDM have been performed by deterministic nonlinearity compensators which take advantage of the fact that light scattering within a fibre is a deterministic process. Key te...

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Section: Drawbacks and Deficiencies Of Benchmark Fiber Non-linearity mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drawbacks and Deficiencies Of Benchmark Fiber Non-linearity mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drawbacks and Deficiencies Of Benchmark Fiber Non-linearity mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

et al. 2018

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“…For cases of low complexity and power consumption (i.e. small number of steps-per-span), it has been shown through experimental results [9] that the performance of the IVSTF-NLE, in terms of Q-factor improvement, is comparable to the performance of the DBP-SSF method (i.e ~0.3 dB after 10×1000 km of single-mode fiber (SMF) in WDM transmission line [9]). Therefore, we compare the IVSTF-NLE with the single-step-per-span DBP-SSF (DBP-SSF 1 ) and three-stepsper-span DBP-SSF (DBP-SSF 3 ) equalizers in terms of computational complexity and power consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of linear and nonlinear equalization for ultra-high capacity spectral superchannels

Vgenopoulou

Erkılınç²,

Bouziane³

et al. 2016

2016 18th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)

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In ultra-high-speed (>400Gb/s per wavelength), high-spectral efficiency coherent optical communication systems using multi-carrier spectral superchannels, the maximum reach is severely limited due to linear and, foremost, nonlinear impairments. Hence, the implementation of advanced digital signal processing (DSP) techniques in optical transceivers is crucial for alleviating the impact of such impairments. However, the DSP performance improvement comes at the expense of increased cost and power consumption. Given that the computational complexity of the applied linear and nonlinear equalizers is the factor that determines the trade-off between the performance improvement and cost, in this study we provide an extended analysis on the computational complexity of various linear and nonlinear equalization approaches. First, we draw a complexity comparison between a conventional OFDM coherent receiver versus a filter-bank based OFDM receiver and it is shown that the latter provides significant complexity savings. Second, we present a comparison between the digital back-propagation split-step Fourier (DBP-SSF) method and the inverse Volterra series transfer function nonlinear equalizer (IVSTF-NLE) in terms of performance and computational complexity for a 32 Gbaud polarization multiplexed (PM)-16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) OFDM superchannel. Keywords: Multi-band OFDM superchannels, filter-bank modulation, nonlinear compensation, computational complexity, power consumption. System vendors are interested in moving the pluggable transceivers for 100G coherent applications into smaller transceivers, such as the C form factor pluggable 2 (CFP2) in order to increase the bandwidth density. Although the CFP2 appears as a very promising candidate, it is challenging to include all the necessary elements of a 100G coherent transceiver (i.e. either in terms of the footprint or the electrical power budget). Another solution is the CFP2-ACO (analog coherent optics) [2]. In this design, the DSP ASIC is placed on the line card rather than on the module, reducing the footprint and the power consumption compared to other alternatives, such as the CFP or the OIF MSA. The main drawback for CFP2-ACO is that the flexibility is reduced since it can only be plugged into line card slots specifically designed for this transceiver technology. Under this restriction, the focus has now switched to the CFP2-digital coherent optics (DCO) which incorporates the DSP chip (anticipated to be released in 2017). However, the major challenge is to integrate the DSP chip in a limited package space while reducing the power consumption further in order to meet the stringent target specifications of CFP-DCO [3].According to OIF-Tech-Options-400G-01.0, the most viable solution to reduce the computational complexity of the DSP chip, and consequently, the power consumption in superchannel transmission systems (carrying bit rates greater than 100 Gb/s) is to divide the signal into many sub-channels operating at lower baud rate whilst maintaining the same...

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Millimeter-Wave Integrated Photoreceivers for High Data Rate Photonic Wireless Communication

Umezawa

Jitsuno

Dat

et al. 2018

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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Transmission performances of 400 Gbps coherent 16-QAM multi-band OFDM adopting nonlinear mitigation techniques

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

Comparison of linear and nonlinear equalization for ultra-high capacity spectral superchannels

Millimeter-Wave Integrated Photoreceivers for High Data Rate Photonic Wireless Communication

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