Transmission of Strongyloides steracolis Person to Person

Czachor, John S.; Jonas, Anovick

doi:10.2310/7060.2000.00063

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although Strongyloides is most commonly acquired prevalence of Strongyloides infection in patients with Blastocystis hominis, a protozoan acquired by the fecal oral route [4]. Person-to-person transmission can occur with close contact (eg, kissing), according to one case report [5]. However, standard contact precautions appear to be sufficient to prevent nosocomial transmission [6].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Strongyloides stercoralis infection in the immunocompromised host

Ramanathan

Nutman²

2008

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode acquired in the tropics or subtropics. Most often, it causes chronic, asymptomatic infection, but a change in immune status can increase parasite numbers, leading to hyperinfection syndrome, dissemination, and death if unrecognized. Corticosteroid use is most commonly associated with hyperinfection syndrome. Diagnosis of Strongyloides infection is based on serology and serial stool examinations for larvae. The treatment of choice for chronic, asymptomatic infection is oral ivermectin. Alternative pharmacologic agents include albendazole and thiabendazole. For hyperinfection syndrome, ivermectin remains the drug of choice, though therapy duration must be individualized with the end point being complete parasite eradication. Recurrent strongyloidiasis should prompt an evaluation for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 coinfection. No test of cure is currently available, although immunoglobulin G antibody levels have been shown to decline within 6 months of successful treatment.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Strongyloides stercoralis infection in the immunocompromised host

Ramanathan

Nutman²

2008

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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“…A Japanese study found support to this claim by observing a higher prevalence of Strongyloides infection in patients with Blastocystis hominis , a protozoan acquired by the fecal oral route (Czachor and Jonas, 2000). However, standard rather than strict contact precautions appear sufficient for prevention of nosocomial transmission based on case reports of patients with disseminated disease (Sugiyama et al 2006).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 94%

Human infection withStrongyloides stercoralisand other related Strongyloides species

2016

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SUMMARY The majority of the 30–100 million people infected with Strongyloides stercoralis, a soil transmitted intestinal nematode, have subclinical (or asymptomatic) infections. These infections are commonly chronic and longstanding because of the autoinfective process associated with its unique life cycle. A change in immune status can increase parasite numbers, leading to hyperinfection syndrome, dissemination, and death if unrecognized. Corticosteroid use and HTLV-1 infection are most commonly associated with the hyperinfection syndrome. Strongyloides adult parasites reside in the small intestine and induce immune responses both local and systemic that remain poorly characterized. Definitive diagnosis of S. stercoralis infection is based on stool examinations for larvae, but newer diagnostics – including new immunoassays and molecular tests – will assume primacy in the next few years. Although good treatment options exist for infection and control of this infection might be possible, S. stercoralis remains largely neglected.

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“…Person-to-person transmission has been reported to be a cause of institutional outbreaks in long-term care facilities [36,37]. Close contact with the respiratory secretions of a patient with hyperinfection syndrome including pulmonary strongyloidiasis may transmit filariform larvae [38]. Sexual transmission of S. stercoralis has been seen in men who have sex with men [39].…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strongyloidiasis in Solid Organ Transplantation

Multani¹,

Deresinski²

2018

obm transplant

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Strongyloides stercoralis, an intestinal parasitic nematode (roundworm), infects more than 100 million people worldwide. While most infected immunocompetent persons are either asymptomatic or experience only mild, intermittent symptoms, immunosuppressed individuals, including those undergoing solid organ transplantation, are at increased risk for developing the frequently fatal hyperinfection syndrome. Donor-derived strongyloidiasis has recently become increasingly recognized and reported but current donor screening practices leave substantial room for improvement. Knowledge that available standard diagnostic tests have suboptimal performance characteristics has led to the development of newer diagnostic assays including use of polymerase chain reactions. Ivermectin has been considered the recommended therapeutic agent but current evidence suggests that it may be less effective than previously believed. Because of the increasing global performance of solid organ transplantation, together with the global presence of the parasite, this infection is of universal interest. While some management issues are yet to be resolved, fatal outcomes from Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome can be prevented by appropriate pre-transplantation screening and treatment of the solid organ donor and/or the recipient.

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Transmission of Strongyloides steracolis Person to Person

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Strongyloides stercoralis infection in the immunocompromised host

Strongyloides stercoralis infection in the immunocompromised host

Human infection withStrongyloides stercoralisand other related Strongyloides species

Strongyloidiasis in Solid Organ Transplantation

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