Transmission of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus by <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> Ticks, China

Zhang, Lu; Sun, Yi; Cui, Xiaoming; Tang, Fang; Hu, Jing S.; Wang, Liyuan; Cui, Ning; Yang, Zhen‐Dong; Huang, Doudou; Zhang, Xiao-Ai; Liu, Wei; Cao, Wu‐Chun

doi:10.3201/eid2405.151435

Cited by 122 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…An SFTSV-like virus called the Heartland virus was also isolated in the United States in 2012 [8]. The main clinical symptoms of SFTS include fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological symptoms and bleeding tendency, as well as less specific clinical manifestations [9,10]. The average case fatality rate typically varies from 8% to 12% [2,11], but it can reach 32.6% [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial-temporal characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and the relationship with meteorological factors from 2011 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Zhejiang Province has the fifth-highest incidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in China. While the top four provinces are all located in northern and central China, only Zhejiang Province is located in the Yangtze River Delta region of southeast China. This study was undertaken to identify the epidemiological characteristics of SFTS in Zhejiang from 2011 to 2018. Methods The epidemic data from SFTS cases in Zhejiang Province from January 2011 to December 2018 were obtained from the China Information Network System of Disease Prevention and Control. Meteorological data were collected from the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System. A multivariate time series model was used to analyze the heterogeneity of spatial-temporal transmission of the disease. Random forest analysis was performed to detect the importance of meteorological factors and the dose-response association of the incidence of SFTS with these factors. Results In total, 412 SFTS cases (49 fatal) were reported from January 2011 to December 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China. The number of SFTS cases and the number of affected counties increased year by year. The case fatality rate in Zhejiang Province was 11.89%, which was the highest in China. Elderly patients and farmers were the most affected. The total effect values of the autoregressive component, spatiotemporal component and endemic component of the model in all ranges were 0.4580, 0.0377 and 0.0137, respectively. There was obvious heterogeneity across counties for the mean values of the spatiotemporal component and the autoregressive component. The autoregressive component was obviously the PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial-temporal characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and the relationship with meteorological factors from 2011 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…Of note, many of the studies examining ALT vector competence or surveying pathogens in field populations of ALT within its native range do not distinguish between these two phenotypes (e.g. Li et al., 2016; Xu et al., 2019; Zhuang et al., 2018), limiting their generalization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The establishment of ALT in the northeastern United States—a region already burdened with high numbers of tick‐borne disease cases in humans (Rosenberg et al., 2018; Schwartz, Hinckley, Mead, Hook, & Kugeler, 2017) and companion animals (Berrada & Telford, 2009)—causes further apprehension. In East Asia, ALT is considered a primary vector of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), a human haemorrhagic fever with high mortality rates (Li et al., 2016; Liu, He, Huang, Wei, & Zhu, 2014; Zhuang et al., 2018). ALT also transmits Rickettsia japonica , the cause of Japanese spotted fever, a zoonotic disease that can be fatal (Mahara, 1997; Noguchi, Oshita, Yamazoe, Miyazaki, & Takemura, 2018; Tab ara et al., 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First glimpse into the origin and spread of the Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, in the United States

Egizi

Bulaga‐Seraphin

Alt

et al. 2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Established populations of Asian longhorned ticks (ALT), Haemaphysalis longicornis, were first identified in the United States (US) in 2017 by sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) ‘barcoding’ locus followed by morphological confirmation. Subsequent investigations detected ALT infestations in 12, mostly eastern, US states. To gain information on the origin and spread of US ALT, we (1) sequenced cox1 from ALT populations across 9 US states and (2) obtained cox1 sequences from potential source populations [China, Japan and Republic of Korea (ROK) as well as Australia, New Zealand and the Kingdom of Tonga (KOT)] both by sequencing and by downloading publicly available sequences in NCBI GenBank. Additionally, we conducted epidemiological investigations of properties near its initial detection locale in Hunterdon County, NJ, as well as a broader risk analysis for importation of ectoparasites into the area. In eastern Asian populations (China/Japan/ROK), we detected 35 cox1 haplotypes that neatly clustered into two clades with known bisexual versus parthenogenetic phenotypes. In Australia/New Zealand/KOT, we detected 10 cox1 haplotypes all falling within the parthenogenetic cluster. In the United States, we detected three differentially distributed cox1 haplotypes from the parthenogenetic cluster, supporting phenotypic evidence that US ALT are parthenogenetic. While none of the source populations examined had all three US cox1 haplotypes, a phylogeographic network analysis supports a northeast Asian source for the US populations. Within the United States, epidemiological investigations indicate ALT can be moved long distances by human transport of animals, such as horses and dogs, with smaller scale movements on wildlife. These results have relevant implications for efforts aimed at minimizing the spread of ALT in the United States and preventing additional exotic tick introductions.

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“…Furthermore, screening of pathogens from ticks in China with high‐throughput sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, and gene‐specific PCR was used to detect SFTS virus among several other pathogens (Zhuang et al . 2018). A recent innovation to the RT‐PCR approach was the development of reverse transcriptional loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (RT‐LAMP) to detect SFTS virus with greater sensitivity than RT‐PCR and equivalent sensitivity to qRT‐PCR.…”

Section: Tick‐borne Encephalitis Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick‐borne viruses: Current trends in large‐scale viral surveillance

Park

Kim

et al. 2020

Entomological Research

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Ticks are ectoparasites that transmit pathogens, such as tick‐borne viruses, to their hosts. Tick‐borne viruses are diverse: they can be categorized into two orders, nine families, and at least 12 genera. Almost 25% of these viruses are infectious to humans and some are a serious threat to public health. The global rise in tick‐borne virus diseases has been linked to climate change which has reduced tick mortality in the winter and extended their active period. The spread of tick‐borne viral diseases to humans has received significant interest due to the increased threat to human life; epidemiological monitoring of tick‐borne viruses using molecular, immunological, and environmental methods is now a priority. Nevertheless, many tick‐borne diseases remain undiagnosed, which poses a challenge to public administration and health care officials. This review discusses three major tick‐borne RNA viruses that cause serious infection in humans: severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus, tick‐borne encephalitis (TBE), and Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus. Specifically, we discuss the epidemiological monitoring, vector control measures, molecular diagnostics, vaccines, and environmental determinants related to these viruses. Furthermore, we review the current surveillance of these tick‐borne viruses with a specific focus on diagnostic approaches that employ molecular interventions such as viral nucleic acid isolation, PCR‐based diagnostics, and high‐throughput sequencing technologies.

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Transmission of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus by Haemaphysalis longicornis Ticks, China

Cited by 122 publications

References 12 publications

Spatial-temporal characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and the relationship with meteorological factors from 2011 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China

Spatial-temporal characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and the relationship with meteorological factors from 2011 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China

First glimpse into the origin and spread of the Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, in the United States

Tick‐borne viruses: Current trends in large‐scale viral surveillance

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