Transmission of Serum Parvovirus-Like Virus by Clotting-Factor Concentrates

Mortimer, Philip P.; Luban, Naomi L.C.; Kelleher, John F.; Cohen, B. J.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)90512-3

Cited by 179 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The transmission of B19V is thought to occur via the respiratory tract (1), through blood transfusions (24,51), and vertically from mother to fetus (6), but only transmission through the respiratory tract has been experimentally proven (1). Our observation that the replication of B19V DNA in nonpermissive cells can be supported by the presence of either adenovirus or certain of its gene products strongly supports the possibility that B19V infection may take place as an outcome of the coinfection of other viruses-such as adenovirus-within tissues of the respiratory tracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genome of Human Parvovirus B19 Can Replicate in Nonpermissive Cells with the Help of Adenovirus Genes and Produces Infectious Virus

Guan

Wong

Zhi

et al. 2009

J Virol

124

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Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a member of the genus Erythrovirus in the family Parvoviridae. In vitro, autonomous B19V replication is limited to human erythroid progenitor cells and in a small number of erythropoietin-dependent human megakaryoblastoid and erythroid leukemic cell lines. Here we report that the failure of B19V DNA replication in nonpermissive 293 cells can be overcome by adenovirus infection. More specifically, the replication of B19V DNA in the 293 cells and the production of infectious progeny virus were made possible by the presence of the adenovirus E2a, E4orf6, and VA RNA genes that emerged during the transfection of the pHelper plasmid. Using this replication system, we identified the terminal resolution site and the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) binding site on the right terminal palindrome of the viral genome, which is composed of a minimal origin of replication spanning 67 nucleotides. Plasmids or DNA fragments containing an NS1 expression cassette and this minimal origin were able to replicate in both pHelper-transfected 293 cells and B19V-semipermissive UT7/Epo-S1 cells. Our results have important implications for our understanding of native B19V infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genome of Human Parvovirus B19 Can Replicate in Nonpermissive Cells with the Help of Adenovirus Genes and Produces Infectious Virus

Guan

Wong

Zhi

et al. 2009

J Virol

124

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] These cases, combined with the potential for very high B19V DNA concentrations (up to 10 12 IU/mL) in plasma donations 4 and the relative resistance of B19V to inactivation methods, 4,6 have led to B19V DNA testing of plasma donations to ensure that manufacturing plasma pools destined for plasma derivatives have a B19V DNA concentration less than or equal to 10 4 IU/mL, a limit proposed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 7-9 The same limit for this so-called "in process testing" is a European regulatory requirement for anti-D immunoglobulin (Ig) preparations and plasma treated for virus inactivation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A linked donor-recipient study to evaluate parvovirus B19 transmission by blood component transfusion

Kleinman

Glynn

Lee

et al. 2009

Blood

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Parvovirus B19V infection can be a serious infection for hematology patients with underlying hemolysis or compromised erythropoiesis syndromes. Although case reports of B19V transmission by blood component transfusion (as contrasted to manufactured plasma derivatives) are rare, no studies have systematically determined a rate of transmission to recipients transfused with B19V DNA-positive components. We used a linked donor and recipient repository and a sensitive, quantitative B19V DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to assess such transmission in B19V-susceptible (ie, anti-B19V immunoglobulin G [IgG] negative) recipients. We assessed 112 B19V DNA-positive components from 105 donors (of 12 529 tested donations) transfused into a population of surgical patients with a pretransfusion B19V IgG seroprevalence of 78%. We found no transmission to 24 susceptible recipients from transfusion of components with B19V DNA at concentrations less than 10 6 IU/mL (upper 95% confidence interval, 11.7%). We found an anamnestic IgG response in one pretransfusion seropositive recipient transfused with a component containing greater than 10 10 IU/mL B19V DNA. These findings show either that transmission from components with less than 10 6 IU/mL does not occur, or, if it does, it is an uncommon event. These data do not support the need to routinely screen blood donations with a sensitive B19V DNA nucleic acid assay. (Blood. 2009;114:3677-3683) IntroductionThere have been multiple reports of parvovirus B19 (B19V) transmission by pooled plasma products, including factor VIII concentrate and solvent-detergent-treated pooled plasma, documented by recipient seroconversion in asymptomatic cases or, less frequently, by clinical diagnosis of B19V-related disease in association with positive B19V test results. [1][2][3][4][5] These cases, combined with the potential for very high B19V DNA concentrations (up to 10 12 IU/mL) in plasma donations 4 and the relative resistance of B19V to inactivation methods, 4,6 have led to B19V DNA testing of plasma donations to ensure that manufacturing plasma pools destined for plasma derivatives have a B19V DNA concentration less than or equal to 10 4 IU/mL, a limit proposed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 7-9 The same limit for this so-called "in process testing" is a European regulatory requirement for anti-D immunoglobulin (Ig) preparations and plasma treated for virus inactivation. 10 To achieve this B19V DNA concentration in the final plasma pool, B19V DNA screening of the plasma donations used to make the pool is performed using assays (applied in minipool format) with the ability to detect approximately 10 6 IU/mL in an input unit of plasma. 8 To date, no B19V transmissions from pooled plasma products have been documented when less than 10 3 to 10 4 IU/mL B19V DNA is present in an infused product. 3,4,[11][12][13] The reason for this lack of infectivity is not completely understood. It may be due to an inadequate amount of infused infectious virions, a neutralization effect from B19V ...

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“…Seroprevalence studies in clotting factor recipients have shown a higher than normal rate of anti-B19 antibodies [26][27][28][29][33][34][35][36][37], this being usually interpreted as due to infection from the infused concentrates. Mosquet et al [38] have re ported one case of possible B19 transmission by pasteurised antithrombin III concentrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Parvovirus B19 and Blood Products

Prowse¹,

Ludlam²,

Yap³

1997

Vox Sanguinis

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Background and objectives: Human B19 parvovirus (B19), identified in 1975, was only recognised as the causative agent of fifth disease in 1983. The incidence of viraemia is low, around 1 in 1,000, but is sufficient to ensure that most plasma pools for fractionation contain some virus. While infection usually occurs in childhood and is benign, chronic infection sometimes occurs and may be of concern in certain patient groups. Materials and methods: This review is based on a meeting held in March 1995, and addresses recent concerns regarding the potential transmission of B19 infection by pooled plasma products. Results: Recent data on the pathophysiology and assay of this virus are summarised along with possible approaches to donor screening, product screening, and virus removal. Only five cases of symptomatic infection have been reported in persons with haemophilia, but no technology for vims removal is established, and infection may be of concern in pregnant women, and in patients with enhanced red cell turnover or who are immunosuppressed, including those infected with human immunodeficiency vims, but only rarely in immunocompetent patients. Conclusions: For the future, well-validated assays relevant to vims infectivity are required if blood donations, plasma pools, or plasma products are to be screened, and an in-process vims inactivation step for B19 would be highly desirable. In the interim, non-plasma or recombinant products or a selective transfusion policy might be used in patient groups in which B19 infection is of particular concern. Further clinical data on the prognosis and impact of B19 infection are needed to justify both such policies and the future adoption of new technologies designed to reduce any excess B19 infectivity arising from transfused products.

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Transmission of Serum Parvovirus-Like Virus by Clotting-Factor Concentrates

Cited by 179 publications

References 16 publications

The Genome of Human Parvovirus B19 Can Replicate in Nonpermissive Cells with the Help of Adenovirus Genes and Produces Infectious Virus

The Genome of Human Parvovirus B19 Can Replicate in Nonpermissive Cells with the Help of Adenovirus Genes and Produces Infectious Virus

A linked donor-recipient study to evaluate parvovirus B19 transmission by blood component transfusion

Human Parvovirus B19 and Blood Products

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