Transmission of rotavirus and other enteric pathogens in the home

Dennehy, Penelope H.

doi:10.1097/00006454-200010001-00003

Cited by 172 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Exclusively RNA viruses such as rota-, astro-, toro-, and norovirus have been associated with NEC (5,(8)(9)(10)(11)23). Among those, rotavirus, a dsRNA virus, is a well-known highly prevalent cause for severe diarrhea in infants and young children (24). We therefore used the dsRNA analog pIC mimicking viral dsRNA (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The viral dsRNA analogue poly (I:C) induces necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal mice

Ginzel

Klemann

et al. 2015

Pediatr Res

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Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a lifethreatening gastrointestinal disease in premature infants with high mortality and morbidity with uncertain pathogenesis. Recent research focused on the role of intraluminal bacteria and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, an additional role of viral agents in the pathogenesis of NEC has recently been postulated. We assessed the role of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (pIC) mimicking viral dsRNA in contributing to the development of NEC in neonatal mice. Methods: Four-d-old C57BL/6J pups were stressed by asphyxia and hypothermia twice daily. Animals were either fed by formula only (FO), formula containing LPS or pIC. After 72 h, mice were euthanized, intestines harvested, and the severity of NEC was assessed. results: Breastfed mice showed no evidence of NEC. Very mild NEC-like lesions were observed in mice fed by FO. Supplementation of LPS or pIC to the formula led to increased intestinal tissue damage and inflammation compared with FO in a similar manner. conclusion: Our study demonstrates the ability of viral factors to induce NEC in neonatal mice even in the absence of LPS. Furthermore, we present a new mouse model of pIC-induced NEC which may be used to obtain further mechanistic insights in the pathogenesis of this disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The viral dsRNA analogue poly (I:C) induces necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal mice

Ginzel

Klemann

et al. 2015

Pediatr Res

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“…La importancia del lavado de manos, aunque la evidencia es circunstancial por dificultades en lograr un diseño de estudio controlado, se apoya en la sobrevida de este agente patógeno en las manos del personal de salud (por más de 4 horas y con mejor sobrevida que algunos virus respiratorios) y algunas superficies ambientales permitiendo entonces su transferencia de un paciente a otro, y activando la cadena de transmisión 17,18 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Habitualmente esta infección se presenta antes de lactantes, influye además del frecuente contacto cercano, el uso y la práctica del cambio de pañales, identificándose como de alto riesgo para transmisión; rotavirus se ha encontrado en depósitos de pañales, juguetes, griferías, áreas de cambio de pañales y también de preparación de alimentos, demostrando que este agente se difunde más allá del área directamente contaminada con deposiciones; finalmente, este virus puede sobrevivir días o semanas en superficies ambientales y permanecer viable en las manos hasta por 4 horas 17,18 . Las tasas reportadas por el MINSAL para diarreas en lactantes varía en los últimos 3 años entre 13 y 0,9 por 100 egresos, siendo rotavirus el principal agente identificado 7 .…”

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Comportamiento clínico y costos de la gastroenteritis por rotavirus en lactantes: Adquisición comunitaria versus nosocomial

2006

Rev. chil. infectol.

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EpidemiologíaComportamiento clínico y costos de la gastroenteritis por rotavirus en lactantes: Adquisición comunitaria versus nosocomial Luis Delpiano M., Joel Riquelme R, M. Cristina Casado F. y Ximena Álvarez H. Clinical features and costs of rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants:community versus nosocomialy acquired infection This is a prospective 12 month (July 2003-June 2004) cohort study in one large tertiary hospital of Santiago, Chile aimed to describe clinic features and calculate the direct costs of hospitalization associated to community-acquired (n = 78) and nosocomially-acquired (n = 52) rotavirus infection. A gastroenteritis severity score after Rennels 1996, (0 to 17 points) was applied and costs where calculated based on those assigned by the Chilean National Funds for Health (FONASA). Severe gastroenteritis manifested by a score > 14 occurred in 26.9% and 9.6% of community and nosocomially-acquired cases respectively (p < 0.015). The former had lower bicarbonate levels (p < 0.001), and required more volume expansion compared to the latter (p < 0.023). The average cost was US 277 per case for community acquired rotavirus and US 268 for nosocomial infection. In this hospital the cost of nosocomial rotavirus infection was ~ US$ 13,900 for a 12 month period. These results should stimulate the implementation of active prevention and control programs.

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“…Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea among infants and young children [39], and is one of several viruses that cause infections often called stomach flu, despite having no relation to influenza. It is a genus of double-stranded RNA virus in the family Reoviridae.…”

Section: Rota Viral Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%