Transmission of Pasteurella multocida infection from the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) to domestic poultry

Curtis, PE

doi:10.1136/vr.113.6.133

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The present investigation documented that so-called P. gallinarum obtained from rats represents a taxon unrelated to genuine P. gallinaru m. Transmission of other Pasteurellaceae between rodents and poultry, however, should not be excluded since rat bites have previously been suggested as a source of P. multocida infections in poultry (Curtis, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Genotypic heterogeneity of Pasteurella gallinarum as shown by ribotyping and 16S rRNA sequencing

2002

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Forty-five strains mainly isolated from chickens in Zimbabwe and Denmark, two pig and three rat isolates all identified as Pasteurella gallinarum by conventional phenotypic tests were characterized by ribotyping, and selected strains were subsequently analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. High genotypic diversity was observed, the number of ribotypes totalling 24. A major group of 47 isolates including the type strain of P. gallinarum clustered at 56% similarity and included 21 ribotypes. Ribotyping showed that some genotypes of P. gallinarum seem to be globally distributed. The three isolates from rodents did not share even a single common ribotype fragment with strains from birds and the pig isolates. Two avian isolates from Denmark and Zimbabwe and the pig strain showed from 97.6 to 99.8% 16S rRNA sequence similarity with the type strain of P. gallinarum and with type strains of Pasteurella volantium and Pasteurella avium. Two rat strains showed 98.6% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with each other, but were only related with P. gallinarum at 93% similarity. These isolates showed the highest similarity with [Actinobacillus] muris at 96.4 to 95.0% similarity. We suggest that conventional identification of P. gallinarum consequently should consider the source of isolation to obtain a correct diagnosis, and that isolation from animals other than fowl should be confirmed by genotypic analysis such as 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Genotypic heterogeneity of Pasteurella gallinarum as shown by ribotyping and 16S rRNA sequencing

2002

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“…P. multocida can be harbored in the respiratory tract or cloacal mucosa of asymptomatic birds, and these strains can become sources of outbreaks (5,9). Wild birds and rats have been suggested as other possible sources of infection (2,6) as well as contaminated water or aerosols (2,10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology Investigation of Outbreaks of Fowl Cholera in Geographically Related Poultry Flocks

Kardos

Kiss

2005

J Clin Microbiol

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The present work describes two cases of consecutive fowl cholera outbreak series occurring in goose and turkey flocks. Most strains isolated from epidemiologically related outbreaks showed genetic relatedness, as revealed by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, suggesting that the consecutive outbreaks were due to recurrences rather than reinfections.Fowl cholera is an acute, fatal septicemic disease of various domestic and wild bird species, which is responsible for significant loss in poultry husbandry. Its causative agent, Pasteurella multocida, is a diverse organism; different genotype groups are implicated in different diseases, and genotype groups can also be paralleled with host preference (1, 8). P. multocida can be harbored in the respiratory tract or cloacal mucosa of asymptomatic birds, and these strains can become sources of outbreaks (5, 9). Wild birds and rats have been suggested as other possible sources of infection (2, 6) as well as contaminated water or aerosols (2, 10).A number of DNA-based typing methods have been employed to characterize P. multocida strains (1,4,7,8), but most authors concentrate on genetic diversity of P. multocida isolated from birds, and reports on genetic fingerprinting in tracing of fowl cholera outbreaks are scarce.The present work studies two cases of serial outbreaks, one occurring in goose flocks kept by different owners in a rela- The numbers indicate the patterns of the respective isolates. Patterns of isolates TK9 and TK10 and TK12 to TK16 were identical to that of TK7 and TK8. The ERIC-PCR pattern of TK11 was also identical to that of TK7 and TK8. The letters below the numbers indicate the owner (see text). (B) PFGE (above) and ERIC-PCR (below) patterns of turkey isolates from case 2. Lanes M, lambda concatemers (PFGE) or 100-bp ladder (ERIC-PCR). The numbers indicate the patterns of the respective isolates. Patterns of isolates N5 to N12, N14, N17 to N19, N21 to N23, and N25 and N26 were identical to the patterns shown in lanes 4, 13, 20, 24, and 27, respectively. The letters below the numbers indicate the premise of origin (see text).

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“…Several viral and bacterial infections can be transmitted to humans and animals through a rodent bite (Meerburg et al 2009). For poultry, only a small scale study is available, which showed that broilers and turkeys acquired P. multocida after being bitten by an infected rat (Curtis 1983). Further evidence to estimate the relevance of this potential transmission route between rodents and poultry for other pathogens and AIV is lacking.…”

Section: Potential For Contact Between Rodents and Poultrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…infections on layer farms between flocks (Umali et al 2012). Rodents have also been implicated in transmission of Pasteurella multocida (Curtis et al 1980;Curtis 1983), Erysipelas, Bordetella, Leptospirosis and Fowl pox virus (Hinkle & Corrigan 2013). Identical isolates of Brachyspira spp.…”

Section: Potential For Contact Between Rodents and Poultrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of rodents in avian influenza outbreaks in poultry farms: a review

Velkers

Blokhuis

Kroeze³

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

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Wild migratory birds are associated with global avian influenza virus (AIV) spread. Although direct contact with wild birds and contaminated fomites is unlikely in modern non-free range poultry farms applying biosecurity measures, AIV outbreaks still occur. This suggests involvement of other intermediate factors for virus transmission between wild birds and poultry. This review describes current evidence of the potential role of rodents in AIV transmission from wild birds to poultry and between poultry houses. Rodents can be abundant around poultry houses, share their habitat with waterfowl and can readily enter poultry houses. Survival of AIV from waterfowl in poultry house surroundings and on the coat of rodents suggests that rodents are likely to act as mechanical vector. AIVs can replicate in rodents without adaptation, resulting in high viral titres in lungs and nasal turbinates, virus presence in nasal washes and saliva, and transmission to na€ ıve contact animals. Therefore, active AIV shedding by infected rodents may play a role in transmission to poultry. Further field and experimental studies are needed to provide evidence for a role of rodents in AIV epidemiology. Making poultry houses rodent-proof and the immediate surroundings unattractive for rodents are recommended as preventive measures against possible AIV introduction.

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Transmission of Pasteurella multocida infection from the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) to domestic poultry

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Genotypic heterogeneity of Pasteurella gallinarum as shown by ribotyping and 16S rRNA sequencing

Genotypic heterogeneity of Pasteurella gallinarum as shown by ribotyping and 16S rRNA sequencing

Molecular Epidemiology Investigation of Outbreaks of Fowl Cholera in Geographically Related Poultry Flocks

The role of rodents in avian influenza outbreaks in poultry farms: a review

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