Transmission ofSalmonellabetween wildlife and meat-production animals in Denmark

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the transmission of Salmonella spp. between production animals (pigs and cattle) and wildlife on production animal farms in Denmark. Methods and Results: In the winter and summer of 2001 and 2002, 3622 samples were collected from Salmonella‐infected and noninfected herds of pigs and cattle and surrounding wildlife. Salmonella was detected in wildlife on farms carrying Salmonella‐positive production animals and only during the periods when Salmonella was detected in the production animals. The presence of Salmonella Typhimurium in wild birds significantly correlated to their migration pattern and food preference. Conclusions: Salmonella was transmitted from infected herds of production animals (cattle and pigs) to wildlife that lived amongst or in close proximity to them. Significance and Impact of the Study: Salmonella in animal food products is associated with the occurrence of Salmonella in primary animal production. Strategies to control the introduction and spread of infection should include wildlife management, as the nearby wildlife may act as reservoirs for Salmonella spp. and/or may be passive carriers of the bacteria.

Salmonella in the wildlife-human interface

“…There are many reports on the carriage of Salmonella by different insects, beetles, rodents and birds found in close contact with domestic animals (Hughes et al, 2008;Skov et al, 2008;Vieira-Pinto et al, 2011;Wales et al, 2010). Although it is likely that Salmonella transmission between wildlife and domestic animals takes place (Skov et al, 2008), the impact of unidirectional or bidirectional transmission, and the role of wildlife as a reservoir are controversial issues in the field of salmonellosis. 2.…”

“…heat treatment of feed), all-in-all-out production, breeding control, hygienic locks, insect and rodent control and elimination. In many studies rodents, birds and insects have been shown to be experimentally and naturally capable of transmitting Salmonella to poultry and pig farms (Leffer et al, 2010;Liebana et al, 2003;Skov et al, 2008;Wales et al, 2010).…”

Integrative Analysis of Salmonellosis in Israel Reveals Association of Salmonella enterica Serovar 9,12:l,v:− with Extraintestinal Infections, Dissemination of Endemic S. enterica Serovar Typhimurium DT104 Biotypes, and Severe Underreporting of Outbreaks

“…While we do not fully understand this phenomenon, an intriguing possibility is that the source of these outbreaks might be migrating birds that extensively pass through Israel during the spring migration that reaches its peak from the beginning of March to mid-May. Several recent reports indicating Salmonella transmission between wild birds and meatproduction animals (33,34) may support this hypothesis.…”

Prevalence and genetic characteristics of Salmonella strains in wild Mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) in Semnan suburb, Iran

“…According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis are the two serovars associated most commonly with human disease, and therefore of importance to public health (CDC, 2004). Previous studies indicate that the prevalence of Salmonella infection among wild birds is variable and factors like migration patterns, season or feeding behaviour can influence the prevalence of the agent in such hosts (Kirk et al, 2002;Kobayashi et al, 2007;Skov et al, 2008;Gaukler et al, 2009). The present study showed a Salmonella prevalence of 7.2% in Mallard ducks.…”