Transmission of Human Parvovirus B19 by Coagulation Factor Concentrates

Abstract

The prevalence of antibody to human parvovirus B19 was determined in 86 children with congenital bleeding disorders. Forty-seven of 53 boys (89%) receiving non-heat-treated factor VIII or prothrombin complex concentrates were anti-B19 IgG positive compared with 38% of their age-matched controls and 48% of children treated with cryoprecipitate. Acute B19 virus infection occurred in 2 boys 3-4 weeks after they had received the same batch of commercial factor VIII concentrate. Of 11 susceptible children who had only received heat-treated National Health Service factor VIII concentrate (8Y), 1 acquired anti-B19 IgG. This suggests that 8Y heat-treated concentrate has a much reduced risk of transmitting B19 virus and, by implication, other less heat-stable viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus.

Prevalence of Human Parvovirus B19 DNA and IgG/IgM Antibodies in Polish Haemophilia Patients

“…The anti–B19 IgG frequency in Polish patients was similar to that found by others [3, 4], but slightly lower than that recently observed among Dutch haemophiliacs [2]. Also the frequency of antibodies in Polish blood donors was lower than in the Dutch study [2], especially if results within similar age groups are compared.…”

Advances in the biology, diagnosis and host–pathogen interactions of parvovirus B19

“…B19 transmission occurs most commonly by personal contact via aerosol or respiratory secretions; however, contaminated blood products, such as clotting factor concentrates, are a source of iatrogenic transmission (Anderson et al, 1985;Lyon et al, 1989;Williams et al, 1990;Santagostino et al, 1994;Erdman et al, 1997). B19 can be transmitted transplacentally from an infected mother to her fetus, which may lead to non-immune fetal hydrops (NIHF), spontaneous abortion or intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) (Clewley et al, 1987;Miller et al, 1998; Skjoldebrand-Sparre et al, 2000).…”

“…Interestingly, the haemophilic population that was treated pre-1984 with non-inactivated clotting factor concentrates had an increased seroprevalence of 98 % (Williams et al, 1990;Eis-Hübinger et al, 1996).…”

Human Parvovirus B19: Molecular Virology, Clinical Features, Prevalence, Diagnosis and Control

“…Transmission of B19 infection most often occurs by personal contact via aerosol or respiratory secretions, however contaminated blood products such as clotting factor concentrates are also a source of iatrogenic transmission (Anderson et al, 1985;Lyon et al, 1989;Williams et al, 1990;Santagostino et al, 1994;Erdman et al, 1997). Significantly, B19 can also be transmitted transplacentally from an infected mother to the foetus, on occasion leading to non-immune foetal hydrops (NIHF), spontaneous abortion or intrauterine foetal death (IUFD) Miller et al, 1998;Skjoldebrand-Sparre et al, 2000).…”