Transmission of HIV-1 drug resistance in Benin could jeopardise future treatment options

Chamberland, Annie; Diabaté, Souleymane; Sylla, Mohamed; Anagounou, Séverin; Geraldo, Nassirou; Zannou, Djimon Marcel; Labbé, A.; Worobey, Michael; Alary, Michel; Tremblay, Cécile

doi:10.1136/sextrans-2011-050209

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Only Nigeria ( n = 183) and Cameroon ( n = 31) were represented by a high or relatively high number of sequences. Other western (Benin, Niger, and Togo) and central (Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon) African countries with circulation of subtype G at significant levels (≥5% of all HIV-1 infections) [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72] were represented by a small number of sequences ( n ≤15) that may not fully reflect the country’s subtype G diversity, or were not represented at all in our study (Fig. S2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subtype G is the second most prevalent HIV-1 clade in West Africa accounting for nearly 30% of infections in the region [4]. Its prevalence greatly varies within and between countries, comprising 30–50% of HIV-1 infections across different regions from Nigeria [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], 5–15% in Benin, Niger and Togo [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], and ≤4% in other western African countries [14], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30]. Similarly, the occurrence of the CRF06_cpx clade ranges from 40–50% of HIV-1 infections in Burkina Faso [18], [19], [20], to 5–15% in Benin, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal and Togo [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [21], [22], [23], [24], [28], [29], and <3% in other western African countries [14], [26], [27], [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the HIV-1 Subtype G Epidemic in West and Central Africa

2014

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The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype G is the second most prevalent HIV-1 clade in West Africa, accounting for nearly 30% of infections in the region. There is no information about the spatiotemporal dynamics of dissemination of this HIV-1 clade in Africa. To this end, we analyzed a total of 305 HIV-1 subtype G pol sequences isolated from 11 different countries from West and Central Africa over a period of 20 years (1992 to 2011). Evolutionary, phylogeographic and demographic parameters were jointly estimated from sequence data using a Bayesian coalescent-based method. Our analyses indicate that subtype G most probably emerged in Central Africa in 1968 (1956–1976). From Central Africa, the virus was disseminated to West and West Central Africa at multiple times from the middle 1970s onwards. Two subtype G strains probably introduced into Nigeria and Togo between the middle and the late 1970s were disseminated locally and to neighboring countries, leading to the origin of two major western African clades (GWA-I and GWA-II). Subtype G clades circulating in western and central African regions displayed an initial phase of exponential growth followed by a decline in growth rate since the early/middle 1990s; but the mean epidemic growth rate of GWA-I (0.75 year−1) and GWA-II (0.95 year−1) clades was about two times higher than that estimated for central African lineages (0.47 year−1). Notably, the overall evolutionary and demographic history of GWA-I and GWA-II clades was very similar to that estimated for the CRF06_cpx clade circulating in the same region. These results support the notion that the spatiotemporal dissemination dynamics of major HIV-1 clades circulating in western Africa have probably been shaped by the same ecological factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the HIV-1 Subtype G Epidemic in West and Central Africa

2014

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“…Encouragingly, recent studies have investigated, but not found, increases in ART resistance mutations in SW. 40,41 Several groups have reported significant clustering of HIV subtypes by sex work status, clade differences from other high risk groups, linkage with general population samples, and high proportions of dual, multiple, and recombinant HIV infections. (Table 2) These findings are consistent with the multiple and repeated exposures.…”

Section: Diversity and Communalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An action agenda for HIV and sex workers

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY The women, men, and transgender persons who sell sex globally have disproportionate risks and burdens of HIV, in low, middle and high income country settings, and in concentrated and generalized epidemic contexts. The greatest HIV burdens continue to be among African women sex workers. Worldwide, sex workers continue to face reduced access to needed HIV prevention, treatment, and care services. Legal environments, policies and policing practices, lack of funding for research and HIV programming, human rights violations and stigma and discrimination continue to challenge sex workers’ abilities to protect themselves, their families, and their sexual partners from HIV. These realities must change for the benefits of recent advances in HIV prevention and treatment to be realized and for global control of the HIV pandemic to be achieved. Effective combination prevention and treatment approaches are feasible, can be tailored for cultural competence, can be cost-saving and can help address the unmet needs of sex workers and their communities in ways that uphold their human rights. To address HIV among sex workers will require sustained community engagement and empowerment, continued research, political will, structural and policy reform and innovative programming. But it can and must be done.

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“…1C and D). Because it has been reported that neutralizing antibodies are generally strain specific, being able to neutralize only the patient's own (autologous) virus, 21 we repeated these neutralization assays with viral particles bearing a clade A Env (predominant subtype in Benin) 22 and again we did not detect any significant neutralization in the samples of HIV-1-uninfected CSWs (not shown). We then investigated whether sera and CVL samples of CSWs could eliminate gp120-coated target cells through ADCC.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Short Communication: Anti-HIV-1 Envelope Immunoglobulin Gs in Blood and Cervicovaginal Samples of Beninese Commercial Sex Workers

Batraville

Richard

Veillette

et al. 2014

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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Characterization of the immune correlates of protection against HIV infection is crucial for the development of preventive strategies. This study examined HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoproteins, specifically immunoglobulin G (IgG), in systemic and mucosal compartments of female Beninese commercial sex workers (CSWs). Samples of 23 HIV-1-positive and 20 highly exposed HIV-1-seronegative (HESN) CSWs were studied. HIV-1 Env-specific IgG detection in sera and cervicovaginal lavages (CVLs) from the study population was done by cell-based ELISA. The HIV neutralizing activity was evaluated with a neutralization assay. The HIV-1-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response of the cohort was measured with a FACS-based assay evaluating the ADCC-mediated elimination of gp120-coated target cells. No anti-HIV-1 Env-specific IgG neutralizing or ADCC activities were detected in samples from HESN CSWs. Samples from HIV-1-infected CSWs presented ADCC activity in both sera and CVLs. Anti-Env IgG from sera and CVLs from HIV-1-infected CSWs preferentially recognized Env in its CD4-bound conformation. HIV-1-infected CSWs have ADCC-mediating IgG that preferentially recognizes Env in its CD4-bound conformation at the mucosal site.

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Transmission of HIV-1 drug resistance in Benin could jeopardise future treatment options

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the HIV-1 Subtype G Epidemic in West and Central Africa

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the HIV-1 Subtype G Epidemic in West and Central Africa

An action agenda for HIV and sex workers

Short Communication: Anti-HIV-1 Envelope Immunoglobulin Gs in Blood and Cervicovaginal Samples of Beninese Commercial Sex Workers

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