Transmission of hepatitis B virus from adopted Asian children to their American families.

Friede, Andrew; Harris, Jeffrey R.; Kobayashi, John M.; Shaw, Frederic E.; Shoemaker-Nawas, P C; Kane, Mark

doi:10.2105/ajph.78.1.26

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Screening international adoptees for infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, and ova and parasites is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A Infection in Recent International Adoptees and Their Contacts in Minnesota, 2007–2009

et al. 2011

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OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to describe hepatitis A–infected adoptees and the risk of transmission to their contacts. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of adoptee-associated cases of hepatitis A and hepatitis A–infected adoptees identified in Minnesota from 2007 through 2009. RESULTS: From 2007 through 2009 in Minnesota, 10 cases of hepatitis A, including 1 fulminant case, were associated with international adoptees. Eight cases were direct contacts of a hepatitis A–infected adoptee, and 2 other cases secondary contacts of an adoptee. During the same period, hepatitis A infection was identified in 21 recently arrived foreign-born adoptees; all were younger than 60 months of age, and only 6 were symptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware that transmission of hepatitis A may occur among both direct and secondary contacts of young children recently adopted from hepatitis A–endemic areas and that infected young children may be asymptomatic. Household members and other close contacts of international adoptees should be counseled about hepatitis A prevention, including vaccination. In addition, screening for hepatitis A should be considered for recently arrived adoptees from endemic areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A Infection in Recent International Adoptees and Their Contacts in Minnesota, 2007–2009

et al. 2011

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“…Horizontal transmission is the main route of HBV infection for children in Africa [11][12][13][14], including rural eastern Nigeria [9]. Horizontal transmission of HBV infection has also been described within families in the United States and Europe, particularly transmission from adopted children carrying hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and originating from countries with high endemicity [15][16][17]. Horizontal transmission from children probably occurs through exposure to blood (e.g., through contact with skin lesions) or saliva (e.g., through sharing of toothbrushes and candy) [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Infection among Expatriates in Nigeria

et al. 2004

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Adult expatriates in countries where hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly endemic have an increased risk of HBV infection, but little is known about risks to their children or about patterns of spread. The epidemiology of HBV infection was studied among 124 unvaccinated Dutch missionaries and family members who lived in a rural area of Nigeria. Antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen were found in 5 (9.8%) of 51 adults (incidence rate, 1.7 per 1000 person-months at risk [PMAR]) and 9 (12.3%) of 73 children (incidence rate, 2.8 per 1000 PMAR). Vertical transmission of HBV was a likely source of infection in 1 child and was a possible source of infection in 2 others. The prevalence of HBV infection showed strong family clustering (P<.0001), was associated with a history of temporary adoption of Nigerian children (P=.004), and increased with both the number of adoptive children (P=.009) and the total time that these children had stayed in the family (P=.036). Horizontal transmission from adoptive Nigerian children probably played an important role in the spread of HBV infection in this expatriate community.

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“…Children susceptible to HAV should receive HAV vaccine if older than 1 year [15]. Household contacts of children with acute or chronic HBV infection should also receive HBV vaccine and be counseled on practices to prevent transmission [20,21]. In the 1990s, HBV surface antigen was detected in up to 5% of children of international adoption, especially those from Asia, Africa, central and Eastern Europe [2,3,10].…”

Section: Viral Hepatitismentioning

confidence: 99%