Transmission of Enterocytozoon Bieneusi Genotype a in a Thai Orphanage

Leelayoova, Saovanee; Subrungruang, Ittisak; Rangsin, Ram; Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr, Porntip; Worapong, Jeerapan; Naaglor, Tawee; Mungthin, Mathirut

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2005.73.104

Cited by 55 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Two cross-sectional studies attempted to correlate microsporidiosis with poor anthropometric status but did not fi nd a signifi cant association (7,12). However, the dichotomous method used for these assessments is sensitive to the choice of cut-off values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsporidiosis and Malnutrition in Children with Persistent Diarrhea, Uganda

Mor¹,

Tumwine²,

Naumova³

et al. 2009

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsporidiosis and Malnutrition in Children with Persistent Diarrhea, Uganda

Mor¹,

Tumwine²,

Naumova³

et al. 2009

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…The analysis of the distribution of genotypes within the Group 1 is more complicated since it includes numerous genotypes from various origins: human, both HIVpositive and negative, but also domestic and wild animals. In our analysis this group is clearly subdivided in eight major clades named subgroup 1a to 1 h. Within subgroup 1a, eight genotypes were found only in HIV infected patients in Gabon, Peru and Thailand (Breton et al, 2007;Leelayoova et al, 2005;Sulaiman et al, 2003a). Eight again were isolated from animals only, domestic such as swine, cattle and cat but also wild such as beaver (Buckholt et al, 2002;Dendjel et al, 2001;Jeong et al, 2007;Mathis et al, 1999;Santin et al, 2005;Santin et al, 2006;Sulaiman et al, 2003b).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterocytozoon bieneusiin human and animals, focus on laboratory identification and molecular epidemiology

2008

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ummary :Human microsporidian infections have emerged following the onset of the AIDS pandemic. Microsporidia are unicellular eukaryotic parasites that form spores. They are an exceptionally diverse group of parasites that infect a wide range of eukaryotic cells in numerous invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. Of the 14 species newly described as pathogens in human, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, which causes gastrointestinal diseases, is the most common agent of human infections. In the past fifteen years, E. bieneusi was also identified in environmental sources, especially in surface water, as well as in wild, domestic and farm animals. These findings raised concerns for waterborne, foodborne and zoonotic transmission. Molecular analyses of the 243-bp internal Transcribed spacer-(ITS) of the rRNA gene have revealed a considerable genetic variation within E. bieneusi isolates of human and animal origins, supporting the potential for zoonotic transmission. The focus of this revue is to present and discuss recent advances in diagnosis and zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi infections.

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“…Microsporidia have been found in municipal water supplies, tertiary sewage effluent, and surface and groundwater (Cotte et al, 1999;Dowd et al, 1998). It is likely that many human infections with microsporidia are of zoonotic origin although person-to-person transmission has been described (Leelayoova et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsporidiosis in South Africa: PCR detection in stool samples of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals and school children in Vhembe district, Limpopo Province

Samie

Obi

Tzipori

et al. 2007

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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SummaryMicrosporidia were initially recognized as pathogens of insects and fish but have recently emerged as an important group of human pathogens, especially in immune-compromised individuals, such as those with HIV infection. In this study, we used a PCR-RFLP assay confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR and trichrome staining to determine the prevalence of microsporidian infections among hospital patients and school children in Vhembe region. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was the only microsporidian species detected in these stool samples. It was found in 33 (12.9%) of 255 samples from the hospitals and in 3 (4.5%) of 67 samples from primary school children and was significantly associated (P = 0.039) with diarrhea in HIV-positive patients (21.6%) compared to HIV-negative individuals (9%). However, microsporidian infections were not associated with intestinal inflammation as indicated by the lactoferrin test. These results suggest that microsporidia might be a cause of secretory diarrhea in HIV-positive patients. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. bieneusi in the Vhembe region of South Africa. Further investigations are needed in order to clarify the pathogenesis of E. bieneusi in HIV-positive patients. Authors' contributions: AS, CLO, ST and RLG conceived the study; AS, ST, LMW and RLG designed the study; RLG provided supplies for the laboratory studies that were conducted in his laboratory; AS ran all the laboratory analysis; AS, CLO, LMW and RLG participated in the data analysis; AS and RLG drafted the paper; CLO, ST, LMW and RLG critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors revised and approved the final version of the manuscript. AS and RLG are guarantors of the paper. Conflict of interest: None declared.Ethical approval: The study was approved by the research and ethical committee of the University of Venda and the Department of Health and Welfare and the Department of Education in Polokwane, Limpopo Province, South Africa, before the initiation of the study. The molecular analysis was conducted according to the University of Virginia ethics guidelines on non-identified samples.

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Transmission of Enterocytozoon Bieneusi Genotype a in a Thai Orphanage

Cited by 55 publications

References 18 publications

Microsporidiosis and Malnutrition in Children with Persistent Diarrhea, Uganda

Microsporidiosis and Malnutrition in Children with Persistent Diarrhea, Uganda

Enterocytozoon bieneusiin human and animals, focus on laboratory identification and molecular epidemiology

Microsporidiosis in South Africa: PCR detection in stool samples of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals and school children in Vhembe district, Limpopo Province

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