Transmission of 4.5 keV Ar⁹⁺ions through a single glass macrocapillary

Interaction of proton microbeam with the inner surface of a polytetrafluoroethylene macrocapillary

“…the output beam is parallel to the capillary axis. Experiments with HCIs showed similar behaviour [14].…”

“…These conditions showed up certain difficulties, such as the imperfect parallelism of the capillaries [13] or the collective effect of the neighbouring capillaries. Later, to avoid these difficulties, the single, micrometre sized and cylindrical shaped capillaries came into focus [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The advantage of using these types of targets is the many possible technical applications of them, such as to provide ion beams steering or focusing without external power supplies.…”

Conceptual design and sample preparation of electrode covered single glass macro-capillaries for studying the effect of an external electric field on particle guiding

“…The guiding effect was observed for a micrometer-sized tapered glass capillary. Systematic measurements in collisions between slow HCIs and a macroscopic glass capillary with large aspect ratio and with cylindrical shape were also performed [9,21]. The results strongly support that the guiding effect known from nanocapillaries is also valid up to macroscopic dimensions of the order of mm.…”

“…When investigating guiding through a straight, macroscopic glass capillary we have demonstrated that the guiding effect still works up to these dimensions [9,21] for tilt angles of up to several degrees. These large glass capillaries are well suited for testing the influence of an external electric field onto the transmission behavior, since the geometric dimensions are compatible to manufacturable electrode parts.…”

“…The angular distributions of the transmitted ions have a similar width as the incident beam. Considerable transmission of guided ions could be observed for tilt angles up to roughly 5° [9,11,21]. The charging-up of the insulating wall material could be observed in time-dependent transmission measurements (see e.g.…”