Transmission of 107-Gb/s mode and polarization multiplexed CO-OFDM signal over a two-mode fiber

Abstract

In addition to the dimensions of time, frequency, complex constellation, and polarization, spatial mode can be the fifth dimension to be explored for modulation and multiplexing in optical fiber communications. In this paper, we demonstrate successful transmission of 107-Gb/s dual-mode and dual-polarization coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) over a 4.5-km two-mode fiber. A mechanically-induced LP01/LP11 mode converter is used as the mode selective element in a spatial-mode multiplexed system.

WDM-compatible mode-division multiplexing on a silicon chip

“…In contrast, fibre communications are increasingly targeting multimode operation in conjunction with WDM to further scale the communication bandwidth transmitted per fibre 3 . Multimode communications in fibres have been demonstrated with space-division multiplexing in multi-core fibres [4][5][6][7][8] or mode-division multiplexing (MDM) in few-mode fibres [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and have exploited each spatial mode as an independent channel. It is similarly of interest to attempt to incorporate the spatial-mode-parallelism degree of freedom into complex photonic-integrated circuits to introduce additional functionality and provide potential performance gains.…”

Silicon Multimode Photonic Integrated Devices for on-Chip Mode-Division-Multiplexed Optical Interconnects

“…For free space optics, the desired mode is excited by the LP 01 mode using transversemode matched method with a phase management at the expense of the bulky volume [16][17][18][19]. For a fiber based converter, a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) has been proposed earlier to realize the LP 01 -LP 11 mode conversion [20][21][22][23]. The mode converter can also be realized by the evanescent coupling based on the phase matched condition for a fiber with two asymmetric cores [66,67] or a few cores [68,69].…”

“…In order to reduce the complexity, fewmode fibers have been developed and the few-mode (de)multiplexing is realized with some complicated free-space optical setups [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], which, however, is very difficult to extend to include additional modes. For photonic networks-on-chip, the situation becomes much better because multi-mode planar optical waveguides can be precisely fabricated to manage the propagation of multi-modes and some specific PICs can be designed to realize the conversion between the eigen-modes conveniently [14].…”

Mode Conversion and Orbital Angular Momentum Transfer Among Multiple Modes by Helical Gratings

“…Apart from reflecting fundamental core modes, coupling from the fundamental core mode to abundant cladding modes has been successfully achieved by long-period gratings (LPGs), fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) , and tilted LPGs or FBGs in common fibers [6][7][8], which highly depends on wavelength due to the waveguide dispersion. In recent years, with the development of space-division multiplexing (SDM), mode-division multiplexing (MDM), and orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing as new techniques to expand the ever-increasing transmission capacity [9][10][11][12], fiber gratings fabricated in few-mode fibers (FMFs) or multimode fibers (MMFs) have been used to gain mode conversion between the fundamental mode and higher-order modes as mode couplers or multiplexer/de-multiplexer [13][14][15]. Especially, for OAM mode coupling and conversion, microbend gratings with a metallic block with grooves are adopted in vortex fiber and FMF [16,17], but they are not all-fiber systems due to the bulky structure.…”