Transmission Losses from Ephemeral Stream in Arid Region

Abdulrazzak, Mohamed J.; Şorman, A. Ünal

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(1994)120:3(669)

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…For events involving a loss of 1 MCM of water, the fraction of evaporation was only about 1±2%. Similar results were obtained by Sorey and Matlock (1969) and by Abdulrazzak and Sorman (1994). Because groundwater recharge consists almost entirely of large event losses, the assessed recharge volume is not sensitive to the estimation procedure and parameter values regarding the evaporation.…”

Section: Estimation Of Evaporation Volumessupporting

confidence: 86%

“…This indicates that a large fraction of the lost volume from Nahal Tsin quickly penetrates into deep layers, not aecting losses from subsequent events. Sorman and Abdulrazzak (1993) and Abdulrazzak and Sorman (1994) assessed the water balance components for a reach of Wadi Tabalah located in south-western Saudi Arabia. The catchment area of the wadi is 1270 km 2 and its length is 60 km.…”

Section: Comparison With Results For Experimental Watershedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the data for the Tabalah reach appear suitable for testing the validity of the present model. Abdulrazzak and Sorman (1994) estimated the lateral in¯ow in the Tabalah reach by use of rainfall records and rainfall±runo relationships. Thus, they could assess transmission losses through the water balance equation alone.…”

Section: Comparison With Results For Experimental Watershedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suciently plentiful data have been published, so far, for two experimental watersheds: Nahal Yael in Israel (Schwartz and Schick, 1990) and Wadi Tabalah in Saudi Arabia (Sorman and Abdulrazzak, 1993;Abdulrazzak and Sorman, 1994). Regular runo records are available from the Israel Hydrological Service, which for decades has been operating a regional network of hydrometric stations in the arid Negev area of Israel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of transmission losses and groundwater recharge from runoff events in a wadi under shortage of data on lateral inflow, Negev, Israel

et al. 1999

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Abstract:A hydrological±lithostratigraphical model was developed for assessment of transmission losses and groundwater recharge from runo events in arid water courses where hydrological and meteorological records are incomplete. Water balance equations were established for reaches between hydrometric stations. Because rainfall and tributary¯ow data are scarce, lateral in¯ow, which is an essential component of the water balance equation, could not be estimated directly. The solution was obtained by developing a method which includes a hydrological±lithostratigraphical analogy. This is based on the following assumptions: (a) runo resulting from a given rainfall event is related to the watershed surface lithology; (b) for a given event, the spatial distribution of runo re¯ects the distribution of rainfall: and (c) transmission losses are uniquely related to the total in¯ow to the reach. The latter relationship, called the loss function, and the water balance equation comprise a model which simultaneously assesses lateral in¯ow and transmission losses for runo events recorded at the terminal stations. The model was applied to three reaches of the arid Nahal Tsin in Israel. In this case study, the transmission losses were of the same order of magnitude as the¯ow at the major hydrometric stations. The losses were subdivided into channel moistening, which subsequently evaporates, and deep percolation, which recharges groundwater. For large runo events, evaporation was substantially smaller than the losses. The mean annual recharge of groundwater from runo events in the Tsin watershed was 4 . 1 Â 10 6 m 3 , while the mean annual¯ow volume at the major stations ranged from 0 . 6 to 1 . 5 Â 10 6 m 3 . Once in 100 years, the annual recharge may be seven times higher than the mean annual value, but the recharge during most years is very small.

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Section: Estimation Of Evaporation Volumessupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Comparison With Results For Experimental Watershedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Results For Experimental Watershedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of transmission losses and groundwater recharge from runoff events in a wadi under shortage of data on lateral inflow, Negev, Israel

et al. 1999

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“…The aquifer underlying a wadi channel is recharged primarily by infiltration and percolation coupled with transmission loss (infiltration) in the channel during flood events [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. A number of…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic-Induced Changes in the Mechanism of Drylands Ephemeral Stream Recharge, Western Saudi Arabia

Jadoon

Al-Mashharawi

Hanafy

et al. 2016

Water

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Wadi aquifers in Saudi Arabia historically have been recharged primarily by channel loss (infiltration) during floods. Historically, seasonal groundwater levels fluctuated from land surface to about 3 m below the surface. Agricultural irrigation pumping has lowered the water table up to 35 m below the surface. The geology surrounding the fluvial system at Wadi Qidayd consists of pelitic Precambrian rocks that contribute sediments ranging in size from mud to boulders to the alluvium. Sediments within the wadi channel consist of fining upward, downstream-dipping beds, causing channel floodwaters to pass through several sediment sequences, including several mud layers, before it can reach the water table. Investigation of the wadi aquifer using field observation, geological characterization, water-level monitoring, geophysical profiles, and a hypothetical model suggests a critical water level has been reached that affects the recharge of the aquifer. The wetted front can no longer reach the water table due to the water uptake in the wetting process, downstream deflection by the clay layers, and re-emergence of water at the surface with subsequent direct and diffusive evaporative loss, and likely uptake by deep-rooted acacia trees. In many areas of the wadi system, recharge can now occur only along the channel perimeter via fractured rocks that are in direct horizontal hydraulic connection to the permeable beds above and below the water table.

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Recharge of aquifers by flood events in an arid region

Shentsis

Rosenthal

2002

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The process of aquifer recharge by flood events in an arid region was investigated as applied to the Hazeva Formation (the Karkom graben, the Wadi Paran watershed, Israel). The hydrological model was established as a complex system, with due regard for groundwater and transmission losses of surface runoff. It was based on a previously outlined hydrogeological model of the Karkom graben and a model of transmission losses in arid watercourses under conditions of data deficiency. Proceeding from calculation of groundwater balances, the contribution of surface runoff as a decisive balance component was confirmed. The main characteristics of aquifer regimes, such as changes in storage volume and groundwater level, as well as lateral flow, were all found to be dependent upon the net extraction rate, i.e. pumpage discounting replenishment by flood events. Analysis and physical interpretation of model parameters enabled assessment of the influence of groundwater extraction on aquifer recharge. This became apparent as increasing absorption capacity and recharge availability of the aquifer as a result of the groundwater abstraction.

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Transmission Losses from Ephemeral Stream in Arid Region

Cited by 33 publications

References 2 publications

Assessment of transmission losses and groundwater recharge from runoff events in a wadi under shortage of data on lateral inflow, Negev, Israel

Assessment of transmission losses and groundwater recharge from runoff events in a wadi under shortage of data on lateral inflow, Negev, Israel

Anthropogenic-Induced Changes in the Mechanism of Drylands Ephemeral Stream Recharge, Western Saudi Arabia

Recharge of aquifers by flood events in an arid region

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