Transmission characteristics of arrayed waveguide N×N wavelength multiplexer

A new family of space/wavelength/time spread three-dimensional optical code for OCDMA networks

“…As it were, space/wavelength/time 3-D code is converted to wavelength /time code for implementation. This scheme can be easily implemented with help of periodic characteristics of AWG [22]. When a number of wavelengths are demultiplexed in an AWG, a group of wavelengths which are separated by free spectral range of the AWG are coupled into the same output port.…”

“…The performance of the proposed 3-D codes is analyzed in comparison with that of the 2-D codes. Physical implementation of the 3-D code is also considered, and it is shown that the proposed 3-D code can be realized with incoherent broadband light sources in wavelength /time form by utilizing the periodic property of an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) [22] eliminating the requirement of fiber ribbons and multiple star couplers in networks.…”

Fast Optical Circuit Switch for Intra-Datacenter Networking

“…However, enlarging the cyclic-AWG scale triggers frequency deviation of the passband from the designated frequencies, i.e. ITU-T grid [14] and as a result the attainable port count of the WR switch is limited. To relax the impact of the frequency deviation, the uniform loss and cyclicfrequency (ULCF) AWG configuration was developed [7] and a prototype 64 × 64 AWG router has been realized by combining a 64 × 128 cyclic AWG and 64 1 × 2 optical couplers, where each pair of AWG output ports are bridged as one router output port so that the passband deviation is reduced.…”

“…The wavelength-routing (WR) switch based on an N ×N cyclic arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) can create lowpower switching systems [14], since the AWG is a passive device. However, enlarging the cyclic-AWG scale triggers frequency deviation of the passband from the designated frequencies, i.e.…”

Design and characterization of an arrayed-waveguide grating router with an interleave-chirped array

“…1. The design rule for a conventional N Â N AWGR is that the free spectral range (FSR) is equal to the product of N and the channel spacing [6]. The conventional AWGR suffers from two problems, namely very non-uniform losses and peak frequency devia- tions.…”