Transmission capacity of optical path overhead transfer scheme using pilot tone for optical path network

Hamazumi, Y.; Koga, Masafumi

doi:10.1109/50.643540

Cited by 39 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The concept of the pilot tone is well known for many years for a huge variety of applications like OXC path supervision [22,23] or for end-to-end performance monitoring in optical networks [24,25,26,27,28].…”

Section: Pilot Tone (Pt) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical performance monitoring (OPM) in next-generation optical networks

Neuhauser

2002

SPIE Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

DWDM transmission is the enabling technology currently pushing the transmission bandwidths in core networks towards the multi-Tb/s regime with unregenerated transmission distances of several thousand km. Such systems represent the basic platform for transparent DWDM networks enabling both the transport of client signals with different data formats and bit rates (e.g. SDH/SONET, IP over WDM, Gigabit Ethernet, etc.) and dynamic provisioning of optical wavelength channels. Optical Performance Monitoring (OPM) will be one of the key elements for providing the capabilities of link set-up/control, fault localization, protection/restoration and path supervisioning for stable network operation becoming the major differentiator in next-generation networks.Currently, signal quality is usually characterized by DWDM power levels, spectrum-interpolated Optical Signal-toNoise-Ratio (OSNR), and channel wavelengths. On the other hand there is urgent need for new OPM technologies and strategies providing solutions for in-channel OSNR, signal quality measurement, fault localization and fault identification. Innovative research and product activities include polarization nulling, electrical and optical amplitude sampling, BER estimation, electrical spectrum analysis, and pilot tone technologies.This presentation focuses on reviewing the requirements and solution concepts in current and next-generation networks with respect to Optical Performance Monitoring.

show abstract

Section: Pilot Tone (Pt) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical performance monitoring (OPM) in next-generation optical networks

Neuhauser

2002

SPIE Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…See [Hil93,HFKV96,HK97] for a sampling of papers describing implementations of pilot tones for signal tracing and monitoring. [Epw95] uses pilot tones to control the gain of optical amplifiers.…”

Section: Further Readingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control and Management

Ramaswami¹,

Sivarajan²,

Sasaki³

2010

Optical Networks

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Low-frequency tones overmodulated onto a digital data stream have been widely studied as a means of tracing lightpaths and monitoring signal quality in photonic networks [1][2][3][4][5]. Typically, each laser transmitter is assigned a unique tone frequency that allows tracing of the lightpath it originates.…”

Section: Pilot Tones In Photonic Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Raman-induced pilot tone crosstalk using optical allpass filters

Feuer

2006

2006 Optical Fiber Communication Conference and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose a new type of optical allpass filter useful for mitigation of Raman-induced crosstalk among pilot tones and similar low-frequency labels. Crosstalk rejection was characterized in a 40-wavelength lab test system, and shown to agree well with theory. Pilot Tones in Photonic NetworksLow-frequency tones overmodulated onto a digital data stream have been widely studied as a means of tracing lightpaths and monitoring signal quality in photonic networks [1][2][3][4][5]. Typically, each laser transmitter is assigned a unique tone frequency that allows tracing of the lightpath it originates. At each monitoring point, a small fraction of the light in the transmission fiber is tapped off and fed to a low-speed, all-wavelength receiver. Frequency lines in the demodulated electrical spectrum serve as labels to determine which lightpaths are present, and at what strength. However, nonlinearities in the optical transmission system give rise to crosstalk among these labels that degrades the effectiveness of the system. That is, a 10-kHz tone originally present on one wavelength can be transferred to other wavelengths sharing the same fiber or optical amplifier, so that a 10-kHz line will appear in the monitor receiver even after the original wavelength has been blocked or dropped. This phenomenon is sometimes referred to as a 'ghost tone'. As noted by Chung et al. [5], the most severe ghost tones arise from cross-gain modulation (XGM) in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) and from stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in transmission fibers. The effects of XGM can be mitigated either by fast gain stabilization in the EDFAs or by raising the frequency of the pilot tone above 1 MHz [5]. SRS-induced crosstalk, on the other hand, remains serious for tone frequencies up to 100 MHz or more, and may limit the number of spans over which pilot tones can be used effectively. Like the closely-related effect of Raman-induced gain tilt, the crosstalk becomes more severe as wavelength count, channel spacing, and launch power increase.In this paper, we introduce a new type of all-pass optical filter which suppresses SRS-induced crosstalk, enabling the use of pilot tones in systems with longer reach. Theoretical predictions of the filter's effectiveness are confirmed by a 40-wavelength lab experiment. Principle of Operation and TheoryA theoretical model of SRS-induced crosstalk in WDM links, based on a triangular Raman gain profile, was developed by Phillips et al. [6]. The Raman interaction between two wavelengths causes a transfer of energy from the shorter wavelength to the longer one, at a rate proportional to the product of the optical powers of the two wavelengths. Thus, modulation on the shorter wavelength will be transferred to the longer one, and vice versa. In

show abstract

Transmission capacity of optical path overhead transfer scheme using pilot tone for optical path network

Cited by 39 publications

References 8 publications

Optical performance monitoring (OPM) in next-generation optical networks

Optical performance monitoring (OPM) in next-generation optical networks

Control and Management

Suppression of Raman-induced pilot tone crosstalk using optical allpass filters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About