Transmission and reflection of Rayleigh waves at a thin low velocity vertical layer: A laboratory and theoretical study

Biagi, P. F.; Gegechkory, T. S.; Its, Elizabeth; Manjgaladze, P; Sgrigna, Vittorio; Zilpimiani, D.

doi:10.1007/bf00877166

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…While this theoretical analysis did not use not waveform data, our results do suggest that radiation pattern shapes provide screening power as a physically-interpretable, sourcetype discriminant in some idealized cases. Such cases include controlled, laboratory experiments with engineered structures, or natural, horizontally stratified structures that are leveraged in seismic studies elsewhere (Biagi et al, 1990;Hudson et al, 2020;Knox et al, 2016;Lott et al, 2020;Lu et al, 2007;Toksöz et al, 1971). If future application of our tests with locally recorded data prove successful, we will begin testing it on regional, low frequency data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothesis Tests on Rayleigh Wave Radiation Pattern Shapes: A Theoretical Assessment for Source Screening (Independent Review: LANL Source Physics LCP) [Slides]

Carmichael

2020

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Shallow seismic sources excite Rayleigh wave ground motion with azimuthally dependent radiation patterns. We place binary hypothesis tests on theoretical models of such radiation patterns to screen cylindrically symmetric sources (like explosions) from non-symmetric sources (like non-vertical dip-slip, or non-VDS faults). These models for data include sources with several unknown parameters, contaminated by Gaussian noise and embedded in a layered half-space. The generalized maximum likelihood ratio tests that we derive from these data models produce screening statistics and decision rules that depend on measured, noisy ground motion at discrete sensor locations. We explicitly quantify how the screening power of these statistics increase with the size of any dip-slip and strike-slip components of the source, relative to noise (faulting signal strength), and how they vary with network geometry. As applications of our theory, we apply these tests to (1) find optimal sensor locations that maximize the probability of screening non-circular radiation patterns, and (2) invert for the largest non-VDS faulting signal that could be mistakenly attributed to an explosion with damage, at a particular attribution probability. Lastly, we quantify how certain errors that are sourced by opening cracks increase screening rate errors. While such theoretical solutions are ideal and require future validation, they remain important in underground explosion monitoring scenarios because they provide fundamental physical limits on the discrimination power of tests that screen explosive from non-VDS faulting sources.Plain Language: We derive hypothesis tests that compare competing physical models of Rayleigh waves triggered by shallow, buried sources. Our tests sample the Rayleigh wavefield along a circle that is centered at the source to evaluate ev-1

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