Translocation of metal ions from soil to tobacco roots and their concentration in the plant parts

Abstract

This paper presents a study on the translocation factors (TFs) and bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and arsenic (As) ions in roots, stems, and leaves of tobacco. The results revealed that during the tobacco growth, the roots are able to increase the sensitiveness of the physiological control, reducing the translocation of the metals Ni (0.38) and Pb (0.48) to the leaves. Cd and Zn presented factors TF and BCF >1 in the three tissues under analysis, which indicates the high potential for transportation and accumulation of these metals in all plant tissues. The TF values for Cr (0.65) and As (0.63) revealed low translocation of these ions to the aerial parts, indicating low mobility of ions from the roots. Therefore, tobacco can be considered an efficient accumulator of Ni, Cr, As and Pb in roots and Cd and Zn in all plant parts.

Growth-inhibition patterns and transfer-factor profiles in arsenic-stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.)

“…Similarly, all other TFs (grain/soil, grain/root, and shoot/soil) either remained unchanged or decreased with increasing soil As levels (Batista et al 2014 ). Overall, these results clearly show (1) that the shoot transfer rate of As was maintained at a constant value, regardless of the As level, and (2) that the growth stage of the plant and not the As concentration of the soil affected the TF values (Batista et al 2014 ; da Silva et al 2016 ; Gupta and Ahmad 2014 ).

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Transforming Cigarette Wastes into Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalyst: Does Each Component Behave Differently? An Experimental Evaluation

“…For instance, Ti derives from the introduction of TiO 2 as a whitening agent in the paper or to reduce the luster among the filter fibers, [49,58] while Ca and K from CaCO 3 and potassium carboxylates are added as flame retardants [58–60] . The presence of Fe in the pristine materials is justified by the addition of iron oxide additives as catalysts to convert CO into CO 2 , [51] whereas the occurrence of Cr can have multiple origins, including the fertilizers used for tobacco cultivation [61] . Anyway, in the XRF of the final electrocatalysts (Figure S4), Fe results to be almost the only metal, obviously derived from FePc precursor whereas most of the aforementioned impurities do not appear in the final electrocatalysts, probably due to the acid washing, which leached out many metals found in the pristine materials.…”

Metal Contamination of Canal Versus Sewage Water Irrigated Vegetables in Metropolitan Area of Sargodha, Pakistan

“…The variation in TFs was found 2.87-27.60, 0.21-4.55 and 0-0.05 for Ni, Cu and Pb in sewage water irrigated areas, while 0.17-27.27, 0.14-2.57 and 0.002-0.066 for the same metals in canal irrigated areas (Table 11). The variations in the CF and TFs might be due to the plant physiological condition, in which the absorption depends on the concentration of this ion in the soil and the plant physiological demand (Alamo-Nole and Su 2017; da Silva et al 2016). Ni, Cu and Pb TFs in stems were high which may indicate that the plants' ability to transfer ions from the roots to the leaves is eventually inhibited.…”

“…Additionally, Ni and Pb form stable complexes with amino acids, which might indicate reduced transportation of this ion from the roots. Pb distribution in the soil does not directly in uence the concentration in the leaves, but it can increase its concentration in the roots (da Silva et al 2016). In addition, the transport of metal ions can be controlled by chelation processes which provide the absorption, distribution, and detoxi cation of excess ions (Takarina and Pin 2017).…”