Translocation of Amitrole in Yellow Nutsedge and Its Effect on Seed Germination

Hill, E. R.; Lachman, W. H.; Maynard, Donald N.

doi:10.2307/4040571

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Seed production and seed viability have been reduced by herbicide applications to many weed species (13,15,20), especially when herbicides were applied at or near flowering (3,13,16). Herbicide effects on sicklepod seed production and seed viability have not been examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Late-Season Herbicide Applications on Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) Seed Production and Viability

et al. 1989

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Application of chlorimuron and imazaquin at 0.28 kg ai/ha to field-grown sicklepod at early bloom and early fruit stages in 1984 and 1985 almost eliminated seed production. In addition, none of the seed produced following these treatments were capable of emergence during a 4-week period following acid scarification. Glyphosate applied at 0.28 kg ai/ha at early bloom decreased seed production 84% but did not affect seedling emergence in 1984, and precluded production of seed capable of emergence in 1985. Glyphosate applications at the early fruit stage reduced the number of seed that emerged 93 and 90% in 1984 and 1985, respectively. Application of 2,4-DB at 0.28 kg ai/ha and 2,4-D at 0.56 kg ai/ha at early bloom did not affect seed production or emergence in 1984 but almost eliminated production of seed capable of emergence in 1985. Applications of 2,4-DB and 2,4-D at the early fruit stage decreased the number of seed that emerged 99 and 52% in 1984 and 46 and 57% in 1985, respectively. Herbicide applications at the late fruit stage were generally less effective than earlier applications in reducing seed production and emergence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Late-Season Herbicide Applications on Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) Seed Production and Viability

et al. 1989

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“…Anderson and Helgeson (1,2,3) investigated the use of dalapon to control wild oats (Avena fatua L.) by reduc ing seed production and causing abnormal seedling growth from seeds produced. Hill et al (7) reported that amitrole decreased germination of seeds produced when yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) plants were treated. Taylorson (15) found that seed productionof yellow foxtail [Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 2,4-D and Dalapon on Weed Seed Production and Dormancy

Fawcett¹,

Slife²

1978

Weed sci.

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2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetie acid] and dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid) were applied to a natural stand of annual weeds at a time near flowering to determine effects on seed production and the dormancy and viability of seeds produced. At rates of 0.6 and 1.1 kg/ha, 2,4-D reduced, respectively the seed production of common lambsquarters(Chenopodium albumL.) 99 and 99%, redroot pigweed(Amaranthus retroflexusL.) 77 and 84%, and jimsonweed(Datura stramoniumL.) 64 and 100%, while giant foxtail(Setaria faberiHerrm) seed production was increased to 307 and 381% of the control, respectively. Dalapon at rates of 2.2 and 4.5 kg/ha reduced respectively seed production of giant foxtail 100 and 100%, and jimsonweed 100 and 91%. Before and after overwinter burial in the soil, common lambsquarters seeds from plants treated with 4.5 kg/ha dalapon were less dormant than control seeds. After overwintering, redroot pigweed seeds from dalapon-treated plants were less dormant than controls, and more seeds survived the winter burial. Common lambsquarters and redroot pigweed seeds from plants treated with 1.1 kg/ha 2,4-D were more dormant than control seeds before overwintering,’ while giant foxtail seeds from 2,4-D treated plants were less dormant than controls after overwintering. Viability of seeds produced by herbicide-treated plants, as determined by germination in KCN, was not greatly different from control seeds. Treatment with 2,4-D or dalapon resulted in the production of common lambsquarters seeds which produced seedlings about half as vigorous as controls. Jimsonweed seedlings grown from seeds from 2,4-D-treated plants showed phenoxy herbicide injury symptoms.

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“…Em Cyperus esculentus, o herbicida amitrole, aplicado em fases reprodutivas, foi detectado nas sementes em análise de laboratório através da autoradiografia com carbono marcado, indicando que pode ter ocorrido a translocação do produto do ponto de absorção para as sementes, tendo afetado sua germinação (Hill et a!., 1963). A gramínea Elymus caput-medusae, também tratada com amitrole nos estádios de emborrachamento e enchimento de grãos, apresentou reduções de 75 e 100%, respectivamente, na viabilidade das cariopses.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeitos de herbicidas aplicados no período reprodutivo sobre o crescimento inicial de plantas daninhas na geração seguinte

Andrés

Flecks

1994

Planta daninha

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Em 1990, 91 e 92 foi conduzido experimento na Faculdade de Agronomia da UFRS, em Porto Alegre, RS, com o obj etivo de avaliar os efeito s de herbic idas asp ergido s durante a fase reprodutiva em balãozinho (Cardiospermum halicacabum), corriola (Ipomoea grandifolia) e quinquilho (Datura stramonium). Foram testados dois compostos imidazolinonas (imazaquin e imazethapyr) e duas sulfoniluréias (chlorimuron e metsulfuron), e avaliadas as áreas foliar e cotiledonar, estatura e matéria seca das plântulas da geração seguinte. Em quinquilho, as áreas foliar e cotiledonar das plântulas aspergidas não diferiram da testemunha. Já as estaturas de balãozinho e quinquilho foram afetadas pelos her bicidas: em quinquilho, especialmente por clorimuron; em balãozinho, além de clorimuron, também por metsulfuron. Diversos tratamentos afetaram a matéria seca total ou de segmentos de plântulas de quinquilho. Em corriola não se constataram efeitos dos tratamentos herbicidas nas variáveis avaliadas. De modo geral, as características de plântulas da geração seguinte foram afetadas por alguns herbicidas aplicados na fase reprodutiva, como matéria seca em quinquilho e estatura em balãozinho, dependendo do produto, dose e época de aplicação.Palavras-chave: Características reprodutivas, imidazolinonas, sulfoniluréias, aplicações tardias. ABSTRACT Effects of herbicides applied during reproductive period on initial growth of weed seedlings of the next generationA trial was conducted in 1990, 91 and 92 at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, to investigate the effects of herbicides sprayed during the reproductive period of balloonvine (Cardiospermum halicacabum), morningglory (Ipomoea grandifolia), and jimsonweed (Datura stramonium). Two imidazolinones (imazaquin and imazethapyr) and two sulfonylureas (chlorimuron and metsulfuron) were tested and evaluated on foliar and cotyledonar areas, plant height, and dry matter of weed seedlings. In jimsonweed, foliar and cotyledonar areas of seedlings did not differ from the control. However, the heights of ballonvine and jimsonweed seedlings were affected by the herbicides: in jimsonweed specially by chlorimuron, in baloonvine by chlorimuron, and metsulfuron. Multiple treatment influenced total plant dry matter and also dry matter of some components of jimsonweed plants. In morningglory no effects of herbicide treatment on the traits evaluated were observed. In general, characteristics of seedlings of the next generation were influenced by some herbicides applied during the reproductive period of the mother plants, for example dry matter in jimsonweed and height in baloonvine, depending on the compound and rate used and its time of application.Addit ional index words : Rep rod uct ive chara cteristics, imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, late applications, seedlings. 1Rece bido para publicação em 04/01/94 e na forma revisado em 13/08/94. Extraído da dissertação do pri meiro autor para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Fitotecnia pela Faculdade de Agronomia da UFRS. Parcialmente ...

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Translocation of Amitrole in Yellow Nutsedge and Its Effect on Seed Germination

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Late-Season Herbicide Applications on Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) Seed Production and Viability

Effects of Late-Season Herbicide Applications on Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) Seed Production and Viability

Effects of 2,4-D and Dalapon on Weed Seed Production and Dormancy

Efeitos de herbicidas aplicados no período reprodutivo sobre o crescimento inicial de plantas daninhas na geração seguinte

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