Translational regulation of the lysis gene in RNA bacteriophage fr requires a UUG initiation codon

Adhin, Malti R.; Duin, Jan van

doi:10.1007/bf00330576

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Indeed, the lytl? and lytC parts of the polycistronic mRNA have UUG as start codon, which was reported to ensure coupled translation through translational reinitiation (Adhin & van Duin, 1989), i.e. only ribosomes fixed on a RBS of an upstream gene can translate a UUGstarting ORF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is noteworthy that both intercistronic spacers are within the limit of 66 bp which is compatible with translational coupling (Petersen, 1989). Indeed, translation of both lytB and lytC starts with the relatively unusual UUG initiation codon, which does not allow de novo translational initiation (Adhin & van Duin, 1989). AGs for RBSs range from -13-8 kcal mo1-I for 1ytR to -19.8 for lytC.…”

Section: Nucleotide Sequence Of the Lytrabc Divergonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sequencing and analysis of the Bacillus subtilis lytRABC divergon: A regulatory unit encompassing the structural genes of the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and its modifier

Lazarević¹,

Margot²,

Soldo³

et al. 1992

Journal of General Microbiology

220

240

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The regulatory unit of Bociffus subtifis strain 168 encompassing the structural genes of the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and of its modifier has been sequenced, and found to be a divergon consisting of divergently transcribed operons fytABC and lytR. Proteins LytA, LytB and LytC are endowed with export signal peptides. Mature LytA is a 9-4 kDa, highly acidic polypeptide whose deduced amino acid sequence points to a lipoprotein. LytB and LytC, the modifier and the amidase, are highly basic. After cleavage of the signal sequence their molecular masses are 74.1 and 49.9 kDa, respectively. These two proteins share considerable homology in their N-terminal moieties and have three GSNRY consensus motifs, characteristic of nearly all amidases. The C-terminal moiety of LytB exhibits homology to the product of spoZZD. LytR is a 35 kDa protein which acts as an attenuator of the expression of both fytABC and fytR operons. Transcription of the fytABC operon proceeds from two promoters: PD, identified as P2*-, (Gilman et d , 1984), and an upstream PA. The former only is subject to LytR attenuation. Translational initiation of fytB and fytC is directed by UUG start codons, suggesting that fytA, B and C undergo coupled translation. Transcription of fytR is initiated at two start sites, one of which corresponds to a highly intense PA promoter whereas the other does not seem to share much homology with any of the known promoter consensus sequences. Both promoters are attenuated by LytR. It is confirmed that the synthesis of the amidase is controlled at least in part by SigD, i.e. that it belongs to thefra regulon and that its activity, or part of it, is co-regulated with flagellar motility. The role of the mutations conferring the Sin, Fla and Ifm phenotypes in the expression of the fytABC operon is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nucleotide Sequence Of the Lytrabc Divergonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequencing and analysis of the Bacillus subtilis lytRABC divergon: A regulatory unit encompassing the structural genes of the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and its modifier

Lazarević¹,

Margot²,

Soldo³

et al. 1992

Journal of General Microbiology

220

240

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Early experiments on the genetic code showed that UUG, along with AUG and GUG, can stimulate the binding of N-formylmethionyl-tRNA to ribosomes (3). In vivo experiments have confirmed that UUG acts as an initiator codon in several proteins (1,12,29,37,43). In addition, these proteins all have GGAG-type ribosome binding sites about 4 to 10 nucleotides upstream of the initiation codon, UUG (1,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Characterization of in-frame proteins encoded by cvaA, an essential gene in the colicin V secretion system: CvaA* stabilizes CvaA to enhance secretion

1997

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Colicin V (ColV), an antibacterial peptide toxin, uses a dedicated signal sequence-independent export system for its extracellular secretion in Escherichia coli. The products of at least three genes (a chromosomal tolC gene and two plasmid-born cvaA and cvaB genes) are involved in this process. To characterize the gene products, the cvaA gene was subcloned and expressed under the control of T7 RNA polymerase promoter. Two in-frame proteins, CvaA and CvaA*, were expressed and identified. DNA sequences predicted that both proteins have two potential translational initiation sites. N-terminal peptide sequencing showed that the translation of CvaA starts from a TTG, 11 amino acids upstream of the previously proposed ATG initiation site. CvaA* is translated from an upstream ATG. Expression of both CvaA and CvaA* was induced by the iron chelator 2,2-dipyridyl, indicating that cvaA is negatively regulated at least partially by Fur. CvaA*-depleted cells were found to secrete less ColV, based on reduced activity in the supernatant, than did wild type, which was recovered by the addition of a plasmid producing CvaA*. Interestingly, CvaA*-depleted and wild-type cells had similar levels of intracellular ColV activity. Translational fusions showed that the syntheses of ColV and CvaA are not affected by CvaA* depletion. However, CvaA in CvaA*-depleted cells was less stable than that in wild-type cells, indicating that CvaA* may directly or indirectly affect the stability of CvaA. We conclude that CvaA* is not essential for ColV secretion but that it enhances the ColV secretion by stabilizing the CvaA protein.

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“…In fr, as well as MS2, translation of the coat gene is required for expression of the lysis gene (Adhin & van Duin, 1989;Berkhout et al, 1987). This positioning of a termination codon downstream of an unusual initiation codon is reminiscent of the arrangement of the coat and lysis genes in RNA bacteriophage fr.…”

Section: Examination Of Initiation Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reported translational bypass in a trpR ′- lacZ ′ fusion is accounted for by unusual initiation and +1 frameshifting 1 1Edited by J. H. Miller

Wills

Ingram

Gesteland

et al. 1997

Journal of Molecular Biology

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Translational regulation of the lysis gene in RNA bacteriophage fr requires a UUG initiation codon

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Sequencing and analysis of the Bacillus subtilis lytRABC divergon: A regulatory unit encompassing the structural genes of the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and its modifier

Sequencing and analysis of the Bacillus subtilis lytRABC divergon: A regulatory unit encompassing the structural genes of the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and its modifier

Characterization of in-frame proteins encoded by cvaA, an essential gene in the colicin V secretion system: CvaA* stabilizes CvaA to enhance secretion

Reported translational bypass in a trpR ′- lacZ ′ fusion is accounted for by unusual initiation and +1 frameshifting 1 1Edited by J. H. Miller

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