“…Some examples of ASCs include MSCs, which are responsible for generating bone, cartilage, and fat cells; neural cells, which differentiate into nerve cells, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes; HSCs, which form progenitor and mature blood cells; and skin stem cells, which produce layers of protective skin (Zakrzewski et al, 2019). In addition, iPSCs are cells generated from adult somatic stem cells through genetic reprogramming (Wasik et al, 2014;Hirschi, Li & Roy, 2014;Hosoya & Czysz, 2016;Cieślar-Pobuda et al, 2017). In 2006, Yamanaka and Takahashi overexpressed four transcription factor genes, encoding Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc into somatic cells, which induced the cells to revert to the pluripotent state (Takahashi & Yamanaka, 2006).…”