Translation Potential and Challenges of In Vitro and Murine Models in Cancer Clinic

Abstract

As one of the leading causes of death from disease, cancer continues to pose a serious threat to human health globally. Despite the development of novel therapeutic regimens and drugs, the long-term survival of cancer patients is still very low, especially for those whose diagnosis is not caught early enough. Meanwhile, our understanding of tumorigenesis is still limited. Suitable research models are essential tools for exploring cancer mechanisms and treatments. Herein we review and compare several widely used in vitro and in vivo murine cancer models, including syngeneic tumor models, genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM), cell line-derived xenografts (CDX), patient-derived xenografts (PDX), conditionally reprogrammed (CR) cells, organoids, and MiniPDX. We will summarize the methodology and feasibility of various models in terms of their advantages and limitations in the application prospects for drug discovery and development and precision medicine.

Establishment and characterization of novel high mucus-producing lung tumoroids derived from a patient with pulmonary solid adenocarcinoma

“…Tumoroids are less expensive to establish and can be produced more rapidly than genetically engineered mouse models and PDXs [ 23 , 24 ]. Compared with cell lines generated by 2D culture systems, tumoroids exhibit stable genomes and are well-suited for the analysis of primary tumors [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Evaluation of engraftment and growth dynamics of orthotopic and heterotopic in vivo models of human breast cancer

“…South Russian Journal of Cancer. 2024; 5(1): [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2024-5-1-3, https://elibrary.ru/kcljwh For correspondence: Anna S. Goncharova -Cand.…”

“…С. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Ляшенко И. С., Романова М. В., Гончарова А. С. , Ходакова Д. В., Галина А. В., Гурова С. В., Филиппова С. Ю., Шатова Ю. С. Оценка приживления и динамики роста ортотопической и гетеротопической in vivo модели рака молочной железы человека…”