Translation initiation in plants: roles and implications beyond protein synthesis

Dutt, Som; Parkash, Jai; Mehra, Rukmankesh; Sharma, Nitesh Kumar; Singh, B. P.; Raigond, Pinky; Joshi, Alka; Chopra, S. K.

doi:10.1007/s10535-015-0517-y

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Proteomic analysis of irradiated tomato HRCs also revealed the variation in representation of proteins somehow involved in transcription and translation processes. Among these DRPs, we observed the overrepresentation after X-rays of the translation initiation factor (EIF4A1), which is associated with plant response to different abiotic stresses (Dutt et al, 2015). Similarly, the elongation factor Tu (AT4G02930) promotes the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Simulated Space Radiations on the Tomato Root Proteome

et al. 2019

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Plant cultivation on spacecraft or planetary outposts is a promising and actual perspective both for food and bioactive molecules production. To this aim, plant response to ionizing radiations, as an important component of space radiation, must be assessed through on-ground experiments due to the potentially fatal effects on living systems. Hereby, we investigated the effects of X-rays and γ-rays exposure on tomato “hairy root” cultures (HRCs), which represent a solid platform for the production of pharmaceutically relevant molecules, including metabolites and recombinant proteins. In a space application perspective, we used an HRC system previously fortified through the accumulation of anthocyanins, which are known for their anti-oxidant properties. Roots were independently exposed to different photon radiations, namely X-rays (250 kV) and γ-rays (Co60, 1.25 MeV), both at the absorbed dose levels of 0.5, 5, and 10 Gy. Molecular changes induced in the proteome of HRCs were investigated by a comparative approach based on two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) technology, which allowed to highlight dynamic processes activated by these environmental stresses. Results revealed a comparable response to both photon treatments. In particular, the presence of differentially represented proteins were observed only when roots were exposed to 5 or 10 Gy of X-rays or γ-rays, while no variations were appreciated at 0.5 Gy of both radiations, when compared with unexposed control. Differentially represented proteins were identified by mass spectrometry procedures and their functional interactions were analyzed, revealing variations in the activation of stress response integrated mechanisms as well as in carbon/energy and protein metabolism. Specific results from above-mentioned procedures were validated by immunoblotting. Finally, a morphometric analysis verified the absence of significant alterations in the development of HRCs, allowing to ascribe the observed variations of protein expression to processes of acclimation to ionizing radiations. Overall results contribute to a meaningful risk evaluation for biological systems exposed to extra-terrestrial environments, in the perspective of manned interplanetary missions planned for the near future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Simulated Space Radiations on the Tomato Root Proteome

et al. 2019

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“…5). The eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) act to regulate the stages of translation initiation, playing important roles in the growth, development and reproduction processes of plants 55 . The S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase superfamily acts in post-translational modification processes, where this enzyme catalyzes the methylation of proteins by S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effects of humic acids on maize root architecture by label-free proteomics analysis

Nunes

Domiciano

Alves

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Humic substances have been widely used as plant growth promoters to improve the yield of agricultural crops. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Root soluble protein profiles in plants 11 days after planting and cultivated with and without humic acids (HA, 50 mg CL −1 ), were analyzed using the label-free quantitative proteomic approach. Cultivation of maize with HA resulted in higher fresh weight of roots than in untreated plants (control). Plants treated with HA showed increased number, diameter and length of roots. In the proteomics analysis, differences were detected in the following categories: energy metabolism, cytoskeleton, cellular transport, conformation and degradation of proteins, and DNA replication. Thirty-four proteins were significantly more abundant in the seedlings treated with HA, whereas only nine proteins were abundant in the control. The effects on root architecture, such as the induction of lateral roots and biomass increase were accompanied by changes in the energy metabolism-associated proteins. The results show that the main effect of HA is protective, mainly associated with increased expression of the 2-cys peroxidase, putative VHS/GAT, and glutathione proteins. Indeed, these proteins had the highest fold-difference. Overall, these results improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of HA-promoted plant growth.

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“…The abundance of RPs [ 40 ] and eIFs [ 60 ] generally changes in response to several stresses, including phosphate- and iron-deficiency as well as cold, heat and oxidative stress. Further, eiFs [ 61 ] as well as altered ribosome composition [ 40 ] were shown to influence selective mRNA translation under stress conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The coupling of transcriptome and proteome adaptation during development and heat stress response of tomato pollen

Keller

Jegadeesan

2018

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundPollen development is central for plant reproduction and is assisted by changes of the transcriptome and proteome. At the same time, pollen development and viability is largely sensitive to stress, particularly to elevated temperatures. The transcriptomic and proteomic changes during pollen development and of different stages in response to elevated temperature was targeted to define the underlying molecular principles.ResultsThe analysis of the transcriptome and proteome of Solanum lycopersicum pollen at tetrad, post-meiotic and mature stage before and after heat stress yielded a decline of the transcriptome but an increase of the proteome size throughout pollen development. Comparison of the transcriptome and proteome led to the discovery of two modes defined as direct and delayed translation. Here, genes of distinct functional processes are under the control of direct and delayed translation. The response of pollen to elevated temperature occurs rather at proteome, but not as drastic at the transcriptome level. Heat shock proteins, proteasome subunits, ribosomal proteins and eukaryotic initiation factors are most affected. On the example of heat shock proteins we demonstrate a decoupling of transcript and protein levels as well as a distinct regulation between the developmental stages.ConclusionsThe transcriptome and proteome of developing pollen undergo drastic changes in composition and quantity. Changes at the proteome level are a result of two modes assigned as direct and delayed translation. The response of pollen to elevated temperature is mainly regulated at the proteome level, whereby proteins related to synthesis and degradation of proteins are most responsive and might play a central role in the heat stress response of pollen.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4824-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Translation initiation in plants: roles and implications beyond protein synthesis

Cited by 29 publications

References 92 publications

Effects of Simulated Space Radiations on the Tomato Root Proteome

Effects of Simulated Space Radiations on the Tomato Root Proteome

Evaluation of the effects of humic acids on maize root architecture by label-free proteomics analysis

The coupling of transcriptome and proteome adaptation during development and heat stress response of tomato pollen

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