Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Diabetes Empowerment Scale – Short Form

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Diabetes Empowerment Scale – Short Form for assessment of psychosocial self-efficacy in diabetes care within the Brazilian cultural context.METHODS Assessment of the instrument’s conceptual equivalence, as well as its translation and cross-cultural adaptation were performed following international standards. The Expert Committee’s assessment of the translated version was conducted through a web questionnaire developed and applied via the web tool e-Surv. The cross-culturally adapted version was used for the pre-test, which was carried out via phone call in a group of eleven health care service users diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The pre-test results were examined by a group of experts, composed by health care consultants, applied linguists and statisticians, aiming at an adequate version of the instrument, which was subsequently used for test and retest in a sample of 100 users diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus via phone call, their answers being recorded by the web tool e-Surv. Internal consistency and reproducibility of analysis were carried out within the statistical programming environment R.RESULTS Face and content validity were attained and the Brazilian Portuguese version, entitled Escala de Autoeficácia em Diabetes – Versão Curta, was established. The scale had acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.634 (95%CI 0.494– 0.737), while the correlation of the total score in the two periods was considered moderate (0.47). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.50.CONCLUSIONS The translated and cross-culturally adapted version of the instrument to spoken Brazilian Portuguese was considered valid and reliable to be used for assessment within the Brazilian population diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The use of a web tool (e-Surv) for recording the Expert Committee responses as well as the responses in the validation tests proved to be a reliable, safe and innovative method.

Avaliação da visita domiciliar para o empoderamento do autocuidado em diabetes

“…In addition, they learned to manage their chronic condition more efficiently and to find solutions that allowed overcoming the barriers for development of selfcare. (19) Therefore, the results demonstrate the empowerment approach has the potential to help users with solving daily problems related to social, psychological and clinical aspects, because it influences on adherence to healthy behaviors by increasing their autonomy and capacity to care for their own health. (4,19) In the intervention group, there were also changes in positive behaviors related to dietary reeducation and physical activity.…”

“…(18) In Brazil, the DES-SF translated version and adapted to Portuguese is titled Self-efficacy Scale in Diabetes -short version (EAD-VC/Escala de Autoeficá-cia em Diabetes -versão curta). (19) However, the DES-SF acronym was kept because the empowerment variable is the basis of the hypothesis of this study and known internationally. DES-SF has domains that consider the psychosocial aspects of diabetes; management of dissatisfaction and readiness to change; and setting and achieving goals.…”

“…A score of 3.8-5.0 is considered high, values between 2.4-3.7 are considered medium, and a score of 1-2.3 is considered low. (18,19) ESM and DES-SF were applied before the start of cycle 1 and at the end of cycle 3 by means of telephone contact. Each call had an average duration of 15 minutes, and responses were recorded in the eSurv online tool.…”

Construção, validação e adequação cultural do protocolo COMPASSO: Adesão ao autocuidado em diabetes

“…Knowledge of the context of the life of those in the target population on whom the practice will be used is an effective manner to bring the health professional close to the main complicating factors of adherence to self-care practices of individuals with diabetes, which should be carefully cultivated. (8,9) The School of Nursing, the Laboratory for Experimentation in Translation at the Faculty of Arts, and the Biostatistics Laboratory of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, sought to develop the Compasso protocol with the main objective of assisting the health area of work to assess the self-care management of individuals with diabetes. The aim was to develop and validate an adequate protocol that could be administered via telephone, given the ease afforded by this type of contact, the potential of promoting the satisfaction of the individual receiving this type of intervention, and the need to monitor individuals with diabetes between the intervals of conventional educational practices.…”

“…(6) Among the tools available for the self-care approach to diabetes mellitus via telephone calls found in a literature review were: the Automated Telephone Disease Management (ATDM) Satisfaction Scales and Self-efficacy Psychosocial Scale -Short Version (SPS-SV), which are intended to assess the psychosocial self-efficacy and individual satisfaction with diabetes in those receiving telephone assistance. (8,9) Characteristics that facilitate the interaction between an individual and a professional via telephone call, however, are not addressed by available tools, which is a gap that needs to be filled. Indeed, as in any educational intervention, the use of an appropriate tool ensures reliable information for research quality assurance.…”