Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and reliability of the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) – Brazilian version

Martinez, Bruna Reclusa; Oliveira, Juliana Cassani de; Vieira, Kamila Verlene Soares Gomes; Liu, Yi

doi:10.1080/09593985.2019.1587800

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Compared to the electromagnetic track system, it could predict 80% of the variance [22]. Several studies [27][28][29] reported the excellent reliability of FPI, and it also demonstrated a good inter-and intrarater agreement when used by the inexperienced rater [28,29]. In the present study, the excellent FPI intrarater reliability of 0.988 was also observed in KOA patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Association between Foot Posture Asymmetry and Static Stability in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case-Control Study

Chen

Shen

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Background. Interlimb asymmetries are considered to be closely related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but foot posture asymmetries in patients with KOA are scarcely reported. Objectives. We aimed to explore the asymmetrical difference in foot posture between the healthy adults and KOA patients and the relationship between foot posture asymmetry and static stability. Methods. 21 subjects suffering from KOA in the patient group (PG) and 21 healthy adults in the control group (CG) were included in this study. Foot postures on both feet were evaluated by using the foot posture index (FPI); subsequently, asymmetrical FPI scores between two feet were calculated for the two groups. Meanwhile, all the participants were tested with a standing on Dynamic and Static Balancing Instrument (Pro-kin 254P, TecnoBody Company, Italy) for bilateral stability assessment, and center of pressure (COP) parameters including sway length (SL, mm) and sway area (SA, mm2) were recorded. Results. Compared to CG, a larger percentage of supinated feet was examined in relatively severe legs (5, 23.81%), relatively moderate legs (4, 19.05%), and merged results (9, 21.43%) of PG (P<0.05), and the percentage of severe asymmetry (38.1%) was higher in the PG (P<0.05). Moreover, these relationships between the absolute value of asymmetry score and SL or SA were significant in CG and PG, the P values below 0.01. Conclusions. Foot posture asymmetry is significantly associated with static stability both in KOA patients and healthy adults, and more severe asymmetry in foot posture was observed in KOA patients, so it is critical to evaluate foot posture asymmetry for treatment and rehabilitation for patients with KOA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Association between Foot Posture Asymmetry and Static Stability in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case-Control Study

Chen

Shen

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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“…When comparing inter-rater reliability of FPI-6 in our study, the ndings in the asymptomatic people group showed good repeatability (ICC; 0.608) as in line with the previous studies [25][26][27]. Whereas the result analyzed in the patient group demonstrated excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC; 0.878)…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Correlation Between Foot Posture Index and Radiographic Parameters

Cho

Lee

Kyung

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: The Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) is a validated and rapid clinical method for evaluating standing foot posture through assessing six individual criteria. Although it has been widely used without radiographic examination, evidences for correlation of FPI-6 with radiographic parameters remain scanty. The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation of FPI-6 with radiographic measurements and to assess the feasibility of FPI-6 for clinical evaluation of standing foot postures. Methods: Sixty patients (M:F,33:27, mean age 62 ) of foot and ankle symptoms and 40 asymptomatic male volunteers (age, 20-28), were included in this study. FPI-6 scores were evaluated by 4 raters and inter-rater reliability of FPI-6 was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Radiologic measurements including talo-first metatarsal angle (TMA), Meary’s angle (MA), talonavicular coverage angle (TNCA), talocalcaneal angle (TCA), calcaneal pitch angle (CPA), and hindfoot alignment angle (HAA) were measured. For the correlation analysis between FPI-6 and radiographic parameters, statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation test.Results: Inter-rater reliability was ‘high to excellent’ among raters. However, FPI-6 score was more repeatable in patients group and in more experienced raters. In total group, FPI-6 score was correlated with TNCA, TMA, lateral TCA, MA, and HAA. Especially, TNCA and HAA were more strongly correlated among them. When we analyzed the subdomains of FPI-6, the congruence of the medial longitudinal arch and the prominence in the region of the talonavicular joint were most strong indicators for TNCA and HAA, respectively. Conclusion: This study manifested that not only the feasibility of the FPI-6, but also its correlation to radiographic parameters, is significant for both the patients and the asymptomatic group. We assert that FPI-6 scoring system can be used as a first-line tool for foot posture assessment in clinics without radiographic evaluation if used carefully.

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“…These results indicated that the inter-rater and test-retest agreement of the FPI-6 in the evaluation of foot posture in participants with LBP was excellent. The nding was similar to a published study where the results showed excellent interrater and test-retest agreement of the FPI-6 in the evaluation of foot posture in healthy adults 17 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In addition, all six items showed excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC > 0.75). The ICC values (0.80 to 0.90) were higher than those in a previous study 17 . The rst reason might be related to the familiarity with the FPI-6 for raters.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…And it has been proved proved to be the most relevant for evaluating foot posture including six evaluation criteria founded on three-dimensional observations 16 . It just takes clinicians approximately 5 min to complete the assessment without any special device 17 . Additionally, the FPI-6 was designed to properly provide actual foot postural variations in the region of forefoot, rear foot, and midfoot compared with other instruments (e.g., three-dimensional static model during weight bearing activity).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability and validity of Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in participants with low back pain

Yang

Mao

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) is a valid and moderately reliable tool to evaluate foot posture. However, data about reliability and validity of FPI-6 in the assessment of foot posture in people with low back pain (LBP) is lacking.Objectives: To investigate reliability and validity of FPI-6 in the assessment of foot posture in people with LBP.Methods: Thirty volunteers with LBP, aged 20 - 64 years, were recruited for the research and assessed by two raters. The data measured by different raters on the same day were used to calculate the inter-rater reliability. The data measured by the same rater on different dates were used to calculate the test-retest reliability. The reliability of FPI-6 was tested with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and absolute reliability with standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC) and Bland–Altman analysis. The validity of FPI-6 was tested with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Spearman's correlation coefficients. Results: The FPI-6 indicated excellent inter-rater and test-retest reliability in the evaluation of foot posture in people with LBP (ICC = 0.97 and 0.95). The agreement for inter-rater and test-retest was excellent based on the SEM (SEM = 0.12) and MDC value (MDC = 0.33). Bland–Altman plots showed that there was no significant systematic bias for the agreement on the ground of low mean difference (< 1). The EFA suggested that the fit indices were considered acceptable according to the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value (KMO = 0.620) and Bartlett's sphericity test (P < 0.01). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between each item and total score of FPI-6 because the Spearman’s correlation coefficient of six items were all > 0.3 (P < 0.01).Conclusions: The inter-rater and test-retest reliability and validity of FPI-6 on people with LBP were proved reliable. It might be considered a reliable and valid adjunctive tool to detect possible changes of foot posture after interventions in patients with LBP.

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Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and reliability of the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) – Brazilian version

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Association between Foot Posture Asymmetry and Static Stability in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case-Control Study

Association between Foot Posture Asymmetry and Static Stability in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case-Control Study

Correlation Between Foot Posture Index and Radiographic Parameters

Reliability and validity of Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in participants with low back pain

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