Translation and validation of the Chinese version of the Cancer Stigma Scale

Ye, Xuan; Liu, Hong Yue; Lu, Sheng; Zhai, Qian; Yu, Bo

doi:10.1177/1078155218802627

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The CASS was originally developed and validated in the UK (Marlow and Wardle, 2014). The Chinese version of CASS — with a similar structure to the original — was developed and an analysis of its psychometric properties demonstrated adequate internal consistency, reliability, and indices of model fit (Ye et al, 2019). CASS has been applied in two studies, identifying that lung cancer patients were more stigmatized than patients with other types of cancer (Marlow et al, 2015) and examining the correlation between cancer stigma and cancer screening behaviors (Vrinten et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural validation of the Cancer Stigma Scale in the general Japanese population

et al. 2020

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Abstract Background The stigma associated with cancer has negative impacts on cancer patients as well as the general public, who have a potential risk of cancer. To the best of our knowledge, a validated measure to assess cancer stigma among the general Japanese population does not exist. Method We translated the Cancer Stigma Scale (CASS) — a 25-item self-administered scale to evaluate stigma related to cancer — into Japanese and examined its psychometric properties. The Japanese version of CASS (J-CASS) was validated among a sample of the general Japanese population through an online survey to validate its test–retest reliability, internal consistency, and concurrent validity. Results A total of 319 responses were included in the analysis. An exploratory factor analysis eliminated two original items but showed a six-factor model (Awkwardness, Severity, Avoidance, Policy Opposition, Personal Responsibility, and Financial Discrimination), which was similar to the original scale. Cronbach's alpha for each factor was satisfactory, ranging from 0.81 to 0.91. The internal correlation coefficients were above 0.70, except for Policy Opposition. The total and subtotal scores of each factor of the J-CASS were significantly associated with respondents’ age, gender, familiarity with cancer patients, and social desirability, demonstrating the scales’ good concurrent validity. A substantial proportion of the participants selected “unsure” for some items of the scale, suggesting a further need for refining the scale. Significance of results This study demonstrated that J-CASS is a reliable and valid measure for evaluating misconceptions and stigma toward cancer in the general Japanese population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural validation of the Cancer Stigma Scale in the general Japanese population

et al. 2020

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“…At the time of this study, there was no authoritative Chinese version of a scale to measure cancer stigma to serve as a reference to conduct a correlation test for criterion validity. A recently published translation and validation of a Chinese version of the Cancer Stigma Scale might serve this purpose in future research [45]. As this study is a preliminary exploratory study, only 23 sociological, demographic and psychological variables that may affect the level of cancer symptoms discrimination are analyzed in this study, and new variables need to be included in subsequent studies.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of the cancer symptoms discrimination scale: a cross-sectional survey of students in Yunnan, China

et al. 2020

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Background This study aimed to devise a Cancer symptoms Discrimination Scale (CSDS) suitable for China based on a cross-sectional survey. Methods The CSDS was developed using the classical measurement theory. A total of 3610 students from Yunnan province, China, participated in the cross-sectional survey. The test version of the scale was modified by the item analysis method, and after the official version of CSDS was developed, its reliability and validity were verified. A univariate analysis of variance and a multiple linear regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of cancer symptoms discrimination among the university/college students. Results There were 21 items in total for the CSDS, including 3 subscales --- common clinical manifestations (11 items), physical appearance defects (6 items), and drainage tube(s) wearing (4 items). This CSDS had good validity (GFI = 0.930, AGFI = 0.905, RMR = 0.013, I-CVIs> 0.80, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was satisfactory.) and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.862, spearman-brown coefficient = 0.875). The multiple linear regression showed that certain factors may affect the students’ discrimination level against cancer symptoms (P < 0.05), including gender, major, current education degree, guardian’s highest record of formal schooling, self-rated health status, history of care for cancer patients, family relationship, ways of cancer knowledge acquisition, good/poor understanding of cancer-related information, degree of cancer fear, and their perception of cancer infectiousness. Conclusion This CSDS, with good reliability and validity, can be used for the evaluation of the discrimination risk and levels against cancer symptoms among healthy students.

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“…Public cancer-related stigma-namely, the public's reactions to cancer survivors-has received scant attention [15]. Importantly, to date, only one scale, the Cancer Stigma Scale [16], has been developed to measure cancer-related stigma in the general public, and it was used in several studies [15,[17][18][19]. The scale, devised by Marlow and Wardle [16], is composed of six subscales that partially align with Link and colleagues' [7,9] conceptualization of stigma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer-related stigma in the USA and Israeli mass media: an exploratory study of structural stigma

Soffer

2022

J Cancer Surviv

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Purpose Cancer is considered a stigmatized condition in many cultures. One key cultural site that produces illness-related structural stigma is mass media. This study explored the social construction of cancer-related stigma in mass media during the time of COVID-19. Specifically, we compared how cancer-related stigma is constructed in two contexts: American and Israeli mass media. Methods Two samples were drawn: all articles that mentioned cancer and published in a 4-month period in USA Today ( N = 117) and Israel Today ( N = 108). Inductive Thematic Analysis was used to analyze the articles. Results Three similar themes were identified in the samples: “the trivialization of cancer,” “cancer as metaphor,” and the “the war against cancer.” In both samples, people with cancer were depicted as heroic. Despite the similarities in themes, how each theme was constructed reflected sociocultural differences between the two samples. Conclusions There appear to be presented universal mechanisms of cancer-related stigma in the media, alongside cultural differences in how they are employed and constructed. Implications for Cancer Survivors The results stress the importance of debunking cancer-related stigma in the media and elsewhere. Cancer survivors and their families, reporters, researchers, and other stakeholders in the two studied countries should collaborate to devise culturally informed guidelines for reporting and writing about cancer.

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Translation and validation of the Chinese version of the Cancer Stigma Scale

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

Cross-cultural validation of the Cancer Stigma Scale in the general Japanese population

Cross-cultural validation of the Cancer Stigma Scale in the general Japanese population

Development and validation of the cancer symptoms discrimination scale: a cross-sectional survey of students in Yunnan, China

Cancer-related stigma in the USA and Israeli mass media: an exploratory study of structural stigma

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