Translation and restandardization of an instrument: the Early Infant Temperament Questionnaire

Abstract

The Danish version of the EITQ has acceptable reliability and is ready for use in Denmark.

Adapting the Individualized Care Scale for cross‐cultural comparison

“…To ensure the equivalence and validity of the adapted instruments, several different but rigorous methods were needed. The overall aim was to develop a user‐friendly, short, easy to complete questionnaire that optimized the response rates (27–31).…”

Chinese Version of the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation: Instrument Development

“…We used a procedure proposed by Brislin (1970) to guide the translation of instruments. The purpose of the procedure is to ensure appropriate and equivalent meanings for words and expressions (Hall et al. 2003).…”

“…We used a procedure proposed by Brislin (1970) to guide the translation of instruments. The purpose of the procedure is to ensure appropriate and equivalent meanings for words and expressions (Hall et al 2003). The steps are as follows: 1) selection of concise language; 2) use of competent translators familiar with issues related to the study; 3) use of two bilingual translators (one translates from English into Chinese, and the other translates back into English without having seen the first version); and 4) use of a refinement group for both the translation and the back-translation.…”

The Validity and Reliability of a Spanish Version of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire

“…Because the questionnaire was not available in Spanish, the process of translating it was started. However, the translation process is challenging as concepts developed for use in one culture and language often contain semantic, idiomatic, and cultural differences (Chang et al, 1999;Hall, Wilson, & Frankenfield, 2003). Researchers often use the practical option of choosing an instrument developed in another language and translating it into the target language.…”

“…There are several techniques for translating instruments, but the most common is the back-translation method (Brislin, 1970;Chang et al, 1999;Hall et al, 2003). There are several techniques for translating instruments, but the most common is the back-translation method (Brislin, 1970;Chang et al, 1999;Hall et al, 2003).…”