Translation and Adaptation of The EORTC QLQ-LC 29 for Use in Chinese Patients with Lung Cancer

Abstract

Background The latest European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer 29 (QLQ-LC29) has been translated and validated in several languages but not yet in simplified Chinese. This study aimed to translate this questionnaire into simplified Chinese and adapt it for use in Chinese patients with lung cancer. Methods The translation and adaptation process followed the EORTC translation procedure, and consisted of eight steps, namely, translation consent, forward translations, reconciliation, back translations, a back translation report, proofreading, pilot testing, and finalisation. The pilot testing included 10 patients with lung cancer. Results We obtained the permission to perform the EORTC QLQ-LC29 translation work on November 17, 2020. Thereafter, it took 3 weeks to complete the forward translations, reconciled translation, and back translations. After several rounds of discussion with the EORTC Translation Unit, 19 items used the existing translations from the EORTC item library and 10 items were translated from scratch. The 10 patients included in the pilot testing phase had a median age of 64 years (range, 31–69 years); five were male; five had an educational level of high school or above, and six had undergone surgery. Eight items received comments from patients (six items by one patient alone and the other two items by three patients). No patient commented on the instructions or the format used for responses. After discussion with the EORTC Translation Unit, we modified the Chinese wording in item 50 to ensure that the meaning of “lifeless” was clear. No changes were made to the remaining items. Conclusions The simplified Chinese version of the EORTC QLQ-LC29 is now available on the EORTC website. This translation may contribute to the application of the EORTC QLQ-LC29 scale in both research and clinical practice in the Chinese population with lung cancer. Further evaluation of the psychometric properties of the translated EORTC QLQ-LC29 is warranted.

Translation and Pilot Validation of the EORTC QLQ-NHL-HG29 Module in Indian Languages (Hindi and Marathi) for Use in Indian Patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

“…To promote patient-centered care in oncology practice and research, it is important to focus on the quality of life (QOL) as an essential surrogate endpoint, in addition to traditional clinical outcomes such as overall survival and disease-free survival. 2,3 To measure and assess such QOL in NHL patients, many research tools are available but the most often used tool is the NHL-HG29 module developed by the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). 4 This module consists of several multi-item scales covering various aspects of the patients such as emotional impact, worries/fears on health and functioning, physical condition/ fatigue, symptom burden, and neuropathy.…”