Transitory expression of alpha cardiac myosin heavy chain in a subpopulation of secondary generation muscle fibers in the pig

Lefaucheur, Louis; Hoffman, Rebecca K.; Okamura, Chikako; Gerrard, D.E.; Léger, Jean J.; Rubinstein, Neal A.; Kelly, Alan M.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0177(199710)210:2<106::aid-aja4>3.0.co;2-k

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Due to signs of pathology and expression of embMyHC in some regenerating fibers, it is thought that the small muscle phenotype of IIb null mice is caused by atrophy and degeneration of IIb fibers (1). Interestingly, myofibrillar genes upregulated in HR mini include embryonic isoforms of MyHC and myosin light chain along with cardiac isoforms of MyHC and troponin T, which, typically, are only expressed in regenerating adult skeletal muscle (2,3,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiling of gastrocnemius of “minimuscle” mice

Burniston

Meek

Pandey

et al. 2013

Physiological Genomics

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Few studies have investigated heterogeneity of selection response in replicate lines subjected to equivalent selection. We developed four replicate lines of mice based on high levels of voluntary wheel running (high runner or HR lines) while also maintaining four nonselected control lines. This led to the unexpected discovery of the HR minimuscle (HRmini) phenotype, recognized by a 50% reduction in hindlimb muscle mass, which became fixed in 1 of the four HR selected lines. Here, we report genome-wide expression profiling describing transcriptome differences between HRnormal and HRmini medial gastrocnemius. Consistent with the known reduction of type IIB fibers in HRmini, Myh4 gene expression was Ϫ8.82-fold less (P ϭ 0.0001) in HR mini, which was closely associated with differences in the "calcium signaling" canonical pathway, including structural genes (e.g., Mef2c, twofold greater in HRmini, P ϭ 0.0003) and myogenic factors (e.g., Myog, 3.8-fold greater in HR mini, P ϭ 0.0026) associated with slow-type myofibers. The gene that determines the HRmini phenotype is known to reside in a 2.6335-Mb interval on mouse chromosome 11 and 7 genes (Myh10, Chrnb1, Acadvl, Senp3, Gabarap, Eif5a, and Clec10a) from this region were differentially expressed. Verification by real-time PCR confirmed 1.5-fold greater (P Ͻ 0.05) expression of very long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (Acadvl) in HRmini. Ten other genes associated with fatty acid metabolism were also upregulated in HRmini, suggesting differences in the ability to metabolize fatty acids in HRnormal and HRmini muscles. This work provides a resource for understanding differences in muscle phenotypes in populations exhibiting high running capacity. artificial selection; experimental evolution; wheel running ARTIFICIAL SELECTION EXPERIMENTS allow the study of evolution in real time and may reveal genetic correlations with the trait under selection. For example, selection of mice for enhanced protein content produced a hypermuscular phenotype (42) that subsequently was found to be caused by a deletion in myostatin (40). We (37) initiated artificial selection for increased wheelrunning behavior to investigate the evolution of locomotor behavior and physiological capacities for exercise in outbred house mice (Mus domesticus). After 10 generations of selection, individuals from the four replicate high-runner (HR) lines ran, on average, 70% more revolutions/day, and exhibited significantly greater (12%) maximal oxygen uptake (V O 2max ) compared with mice from four nonselected control lines (38). The differential in daily wheel running eventually plateaued at approximately ϩ200% compared with control lines, and at generation 49 the endurance capacity of HR lines during forced treadmill exercise was found to be 35% greater than control lines based on total distance run prior to exhaustion (30). Moreover, the endurance running capacity of HR mice (30) was significantly greater than reported in studies using direct genetic manipulations or pharmacological approaches to alter endura...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiling of gastrocnemius of “minimuscle” mice

Burniston

Meek

Pandey

et al. 2013

Physiological Genomics

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“…Furthermore, in the LM, the relative abundance of fetal and type I MyHC was greater in HO offspring compared with OL offspring. Lefaucheur et al (1997) showed that embryonic and fetal MyHC isoforms are transitional MyHC isoforms, which within 2 weeks after birth mature to become the adult type II isoforms. Therefore, this result indicates a delayed muscle development in HO offspring.…”

Section: --mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrauterine crowding impairs formation and growth of secondary myofibers in pigs

Pardo

Bérard²,

Kreuzer

et al. 2013

Animal

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There are indications that intrauterine crowding may cause intrauterine growth retardation with the possibility of an impaired myofiber hyperplasia. The aim of the study was to confirm this by generating large differences in uterine space using sows that were unilaterally hysterectomized-ovariectomized (HO; crowded) or unilaterally oviduct ligated (OL; non-crowded). In the study, seven HO and seven OL Swiss Large White third parity sows were used. At farrowing, litter size and litter birth weight were determined. Subsequently, within each litter two male and two female progenies each with the respectively lowest (L) and highest (H) birth weight were sacrificed. Internal organs and brain were weighed, and longissimus (LM) and semitendinosus muscle (SM) samples were collected. Histological analyses were performed in both muscles using mATPase staining after preincubation at pH 4.3 and 10.2. Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) polymorphism was determined in the LM by means of SDS-PAGE. The number of piglets born alive was similar in both sow groups, but litter size expressed per uterine horn was lower (P , 0.05) in OL than HO sows. Consequently, OL progeny were markedly heavier (P , 0.01). Regardless of gender, the organs, the brain and the SM were heavier (P , 0.001) in OL and H compared with HO and L offspring, respectively. Compared with HO pigs, the SM of OL offspring tended (P , 0.1) to have more myofibers, which were of larger (P , 0.05) size. However, myofiber density appeared to be lower (P , 0.1) in the SM of OL than HO pigs. The impact of birth weight on myofiber characteristics was limited to the lower (P , 0.05) myofiber density in the SM and the larger (P , 0.01) myofiber size in the light portion of the SM of H than L offspring, whereas myofiber hyperplasia did not differ between birth weight categories. The SM, but not the LM, of male offspring had a greater (P , 0.05) myofiber density. This did not affect total SM myofiber number. The relative abundance of fetal and type I MyHC in the LM was lower (P , 0.05) and that of type II MyHC was greater (P , 0.001) in OL than HO pigs. The current data suggest that regardless of birth weight and gender, in the LM and SM of individuals born from a crowded environment, not only hyperplasia but also hypertrophy of myofibers is impaired and their maturity seems delayed.

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“…Additionally, positive staining was observed for BF-F3, indicating that MHCIIb fibres are also present in adult tissue. F88.12F8 and MY-32 have previously been shown to react with swine MHCIa (Lefaucheur et al 1995(Lefaucheur et al , 1997 and all fast MHC respectively (Fazarinc et al 1995).…”

Section: Myosin Isoformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Number of conceptuses in utero affects porcine fetal muscle development

Town¹,

Putman²,

Turchinsky³

et al. 2004

Reproduction

123

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Unmodified, third parity, control sows (CTR; n 5 30) or sows subjected to unilateral oviduct ligation before breeding (LIG; n 5 30), were slaughtered at either day 30 or day 90 of gestation and used to determine the effects of numbers of conceptuses in utero on prenatal, and particularly muscle fibre, development. Ovulation rate, number of conceptuses in utero, placental and fetal size, and (day 90 sows) fetal organ and semitendinosus muscle development were recorded. Tubal ligation reduced (P < 0.05) the number of viable embryos at day 30 and fetuses at day 90. Placental weight at day 30 and day 90, and fetal weight at day 90, were lower (P < 0.05) in CTR sows. All body organs except the brain were lighter, and the brain:liver weight ratio was higher in CTR fetuses (P < 0.05), indicative of brain sparing and intrauterine growth restriction in fetuses from CTR sows. Muscle weight, muscle cross-sectional area and the total number of secondary fibres were also lower (P < 0.05) in CTR fetuses. The number of primary fibres, the secondary:primary muscle fibre ratio, and the distribution of myosin heavy chainIb, -IIa, fetal and embryonic isoforms did not differ between groups. Thus, even the relatively modest uterine crowding occurring naturally in CTR sows negatively affected placental and fetal development and the number of secondary muscle fibres. Consequences of more extreme crowding in utero on fetal and postnatal development, resulting from changing patterns of early embryonic survival, merit further investigation.

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Transitory expression of alpha cardiac myosin heavy chain in a subpopulation of secondary generation muscle fibers in the pig

Cited by 27 publications

References 64 publications

Gene expression profiling of gastrocnemius of “minimuscle” mice

Gene expression profiling of gastrocnemius of “minimuscle” mice

Intrauterine crowding impairs formation and growth of secondary myofibers in pigs

Number of conceptuses in utero affects porcine fetal muscle development

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